Claire Morgan :: English Literature

The Signal domain and The Black CatMystery Stories.In my opinion the most important involvement to make a good mystery story issuspense. The author should have the reader wanting to read on andasking questions right from the start. The description of the oscilloscopeand characters are vital to the mystery. It gives the reader theemotions to really understand the atmosphere of the story. I dontthink the atmosphere needs to be really obscured solely some bizarrefeatures are needed to get an eerie and suspicious feeling. A twist inthe end throws the readers prediction saturnine course, and brings themystery together. The clues should be laid out subtlety in the storyso at the end the reader can see what they missed as they werereading. If questions are left unanswered at the end of the story itkeeps the readers thinking so they can imagine what happens. A deathmakes the story more tragic and far fetched yet realistic making theperson wearier of what is going on. Being written in the first personmakes the story feel more personal and emotional so the reader feelslike they are actually in the story. Dialogue also adds to thisaffect. Having the words of a person gives you a better idea of theirpersonality.I have recently studied The Signalman written by Charles Dickens andThe Black Cat by William Wintel. They were both written in the 19thcentury. The Signalman is a mystery story about a man gettinginvolved with a signalman. As he first calls down to the signalman, hebecomes part of the nightmare. The writer plays the part of thedetective as the story is written in the first person. He starts offas just a passer by, but notices the strange, unfrequented man. He decidesto go down and speak with the signalman when he realises he will behere again. He soon becomes very involved with the problems of thesignalman. After the man told the narrator about his sightings thenarrator tries to find explanations of the delusions. However the nextevening he returns to find out that he was wrong. At first, he thinkshe is visual perception the exact same ghost that the signalman claimed to haveseen, but he soon realised that this was not. When he reached thebottom of the cutting he was confronted by the dead personate of thesignalman. As he watched while the evidence of the accident wasgathered the words of the driver echoed through his head. He had heardthese words before. The signalman had told him them the previous

Zen Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers

Chan and Zen BuddhismThroughout the early years in some(prenominal) an(prenominal) East Asian countries, thither were many population who were looking for answers to this worlds, and otherworldly, questions. When Gotama became enlightened, and began preaching the practices of Buddhism, it came at such a time when the Han dynasty was collapsing, citizens were tired of Confucianism and looking for a new ideology that they could put there hearts and souls into. Over the years, Buddhism prove to be lots more than just a religion it became a way of life. But over time, the powerful orthodoxy transformed, and many different Buddhist sects emerged. One of the more popular sects, Chan, or Zen, Buddhism, has become one of the most influential religions in China and Japan, and is still flourishing today.In the year 220 AD, as the Han dynasty was collapsing, Confucianism, then the state ideology, began to lose its popularity. This, along with the demise of the Han order, set up a situation in which the people of China were thirsty(p) for new ideas. There were also many dignitaries within the Chinese government that were looking to gain good political footing in order to encounter staying power. These factors all opened up the gate for Buddhism to enter Chinese society and gain popularity with the Chinese culture. At first, Buddhism was transmitted to the different East Asian countries via the Silk Road, nevertheless as its domination grew, many people began to interpret their own meaning of the Buddhist doctrines that had been translated from Indian to Chinese. By the fourth century AD a much greater number of sutras were available in both north and south China, and the Chinese were beginning to realize the immensity of Buddhist literature. Buddhism did not reach Japan, however, until October 13th, 538, from the Korean kingdom of Paekche. At this point in time, there were two major schools of Buddhism in China. The first form to emerge was known as Hinayana, or Th eravada Buddhism. This in general translated means, The Lesser Vehicle. Theravada Buddhism was mainly concerned with reaching individual enlightenment how one could rise above the cycle of samsara and reach nirvana. Mahayana Buddhism, or, The Great Vehicle, became the popular form practiced in most of China, Japan and Korea. The followers of Mahayana believed that the entire world could reach salvation, and that those who f... ... other religions. Many of the new centers are combinations of Soto and Rinzai from Japan, Chan from China, and Son from Korea. It is still too in brief to tell if these new factions throughout our country and Europe will be as much of a success as those of the Eastern Asian countries proved to be as one Japanese Zen master recently stated, The first hundred years are the hardest. This statement seems to be true so far, with modern Zens popularity growing and subsiding. There is an old Zen adage that offers some of the new Zen teachers encouragement Thou gh the bamboo forest is dense, body of water flows through it freely. Many people believe that the water is beginning to make its way through the forest, opening peoples eyes and hearts to the humankind of Zen.Japan and China have always remained very similar in most everything that is done within the countries. Borrowing from each other, the two countries have divided quite a lot in common. So it comes as no surprise to learn that Chan and Zen Buddhism are very similar. While many people were not sure if these two factions of Buddhism would remain strong in both countries, followers of the two religions have proved the skeptics wrong.

Baldwins Effects of Narration and Analysis in Notes of a Native Son Es

Baldwins Effects of Narration and Analysis in Notes of a Native Son private stories and descriptions of major events are narrated throughout James Baldwins works as he analyzes the nature of the relationship between white and black America. The marriage of history and analysis are especially evident in Baldwins essay, Notes of a Native Son. As Baldwin describes his father and their relationship until his fathers terminal, he concurrently comments about the relationship between white and black America. Baldwin compares the events of his experience with concurrent American events to conclude about the nature of his personal relationships and the relationship between races namely, that atomic number 53 must come to accept the reality of mankind, yet must strive to fight the injustice inherent in mankinds nature. Baldwin begins with a truncated description of the 1943 Detroit and Harlem riots and his fathers funeral. Both riots were centered on resistance to injustice, while the death of Baldwins father marked the discontinue of oppression in Baldwins life as seen later in the work. These two events juxtaposed in the opening paragraph propose the questions that Baldwin works to answer by the end of his essay. Baldwin concludes his opening paragraph with we drove my father to the graveyard through a wilderness of smashed plate glass (63). The first question is why death? while the second question is why resist? Baldwins father is never named in the work but is always referred to as my father. This ambiguity allows Baldwins father to play dual roles throughout the work as both the oppressor and as the oppressed, symbolizing both white and black America. Almost immediately, Baldwin points out ... ... one must acknowledge mankind for what it is and the associated injustice without reserve however, one must also resist the injustice inherent in mankind. This applies to the struggle between races as well as it applied to Baldwins relationship with his father. The initial questions proposed by Notes are answered in a general ensample hate breeds death and destruction, so resist the injustice where hate is conceived while accepting the unjust for who they are. It is through both personal and general experiences that Baldwin arrives at his final conclusion, offering a warning to society and the individuals within hate only causes destruction and must be put aside before positive gains may be achieved.Works CitedBaldwin, James. Notes of a Native Son. 1955. James Baldwin Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York Library of America, 1998. 63-84.

Why Our President Has To Leave :: essays research papers

     This is an essay about why I ring charge Clinton should resign, and also why I think he wont. You see, Bill Clinton is a man without morals. Well, actually thats not quite true. He does appear to have morals he just sacrifices them to expediency whenever the probability arises. If absolute selflessness with respect to ones values were a virtue, Bill Clinton would be the most virtuous president the United States has ever had. Fortunately, most people do not hold this view of morality or ethics (I hope). The majority of people still seem to hold integrity in nearly esteem. If they do, and I am right about Clintons complete lack of principles, then hopefully this short essay will find a few undefendable minds.     Firstly, let me review the evidence for my contention that Clinton should resign or be impeached. Now, to like-minded people, that must sound like an almost interminable proposition. Dont worry though, I will limit it to just the "bare" facts of the Lewinsky affair. 1.     Bill Clinton had sex with an interne in the White House. 2.     He lied under oath in a deposition to a grand jury.3.     He lied to the American people.4.     He attempted to cover up his illicit affair, and obstruct an investigation.     Do these offences merit his impeachment or resignation? The primary defense of his actions has been the argument that what he does in his private life does not affect the fulfillment of his public duties as President. Its not onerous to knock this contention on the head. Clinton is a public employee. Consider what would happen to any employee caught having sex with one of his staff in his office, during work hours. Youd get actually short odds on whether hed last the rest of the day.      Being President of the United States of America is probably the most important job i n the world. It carries extensive power, influence and prestige. It consequently necessitates a commensurate level of responsibility and gravity. And here we have a President conducting a year long affair with an intern less than half his age. Yes, the President is entitled to have a private life. But, no President is entitled to put his private life ahead of the interests of the nation. And Bill Clinton was clearly more interested in attending to Miss Lewinsky than to the affairs of the nation. So, whether or not you think Presidents are elected to show moral as well as political leadership, one cannot escape the fact that Clinton subjugated his public responsibilities to his private interests.

Essay --

Certain factors such as symptoms, risk factors, and medical history of the patient help in performing the diagnosing procedure for determining encephalitis. Some diagnostic tests for encephalitis include wag imaging, lumbar puncture, electroencephalogram, secondary lab tests, and brain biopsy. Many physicians often perform brain imaging first when symptoms start to suspect evidence of encephalitis. When brain imaging is conducted, results frequently depict swelling of the brain. The doctor may call for a magnetised resonance imaging (MRI) scan or computerized tomography (CT) scan. A MRI scan provides cross-sectional images of the body and helps the doctor observe high-resolution pictures of the bones and tissues whereas a CT scan allows the doctor to go more in depth in observing the size, shape, and position of deep structures within the body. In a lumbar puncture, the doctor supplements a needle into the lower back to remove cerebrospinal fluid which is responsible for surroundin g the brain. Blood cells and immune system proteins can intimate inflammation and infection in the brain...

Essay --

Certain factors such as symptoms, risk factors, and medical history of the patient help in performing the diagnosis procedure for determining encephalitis. about diagnostic tests for encephalitis include brain imaging, lumbar puncture, electroencephalogram, secondary lab tests, and brain biopsy. Many physicians often perform brain imaging first when symptoms slit to suspect evidence of encephalitis. When brain imaging is conducted, results frequently depict swelling of the brain. The load may call for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sap or computerized tomography (CT) scan. A MRI scan provides cross-sectional images of the body and helps the doctor observe high-resolution pictures of the bones and tissues whereas a CT scan allows the doctor to go more in depth in observing the size, shape, and position of deep structures within the body. In a lumbar puncture, the doctor supplements a needle into the lower back to remove cerebrospinal fluid which is responsible for surrounding the brain. Blood cells and immune system proteins can indicate inflammation and infection in the brain...

Obesity Statistics Essay

Obesity statistics in Malaysia are getting scarier by the day. The World wellness Organization (WHO) survey in 2010 ranked Malaysia as sixth in Asia with the highest adult obesity rate. Obesity statistics from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity opinion in 2006 showed that 43% of Malaysian adults were obese or threatening at that time. And these obesity statistics showed that overweight children were 38% of the child population in Malaysia. The recent WHO results of 2010 showed that 60% of Malaysians aged 18 and up, had a BMI over 25. A BMI of more than than 25 means the person is overweight. In 2008, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) did research on the prevalence of obesity among children.The results were astounding, covering an increase of obesity of 30% in the 6 to 12 years old age group. In 2007, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) did a nationwide, all Malaysian states study on obesity, on Malaysians aged 15 years old and above. A person with a BMI of more than 30 wa s considered to be obese. Those overweight with a BMI reading of more than 25 were excluded. The UPM researchers found that females were more likely to be obese at 13.8% while men were at 9.6%.Malays and Indians had higher cases of obesity at 13.6% and 13.5%, while Chinese came in 8.5% of their population groups. Sarawak natives had 10.8% cases of obesity while the Sabah natives had the lowest at 7.3%. The data obtained were statistically significant (p 0.0001). All these obesity statistics have rung alarm bells at the Malaysian Ministry of Health. The Malaysian government is concerned on the health effects, productivity and the healthcare costs implications of an obesity epidemic in the country.The government notes that this obesity and overweight issue is far more serious in Malaysia than in other countries in the region. The Malaysian Ministry of Health had planned for another survey in 2011 to modify these obesity statistics. This would have included a study on the incidences o f diabetes and kidney diseases in Malaysia. But no results are available as of now.

Farmers Union Iced Coffee, Advertisement

Farmers yoke Iced Coffee was launched in 1977 by a group of dairy farmers who were creating a saucy recipe for the Royal Adelaide show. The milk drink is Australias largest selling flavored milk and each year Australians consume in excess of 27 million litres of the beverage each year. There are a few judg workforcets and issues that are raised in the text that I can point erupt. I value that the idea of having an ad intimately the worlds history and issues while showing normal every day Australians playing out the roles and then able to hide the real depicted object is a sensational advertisement.The general idea in any advertisement is to try and increase the sale and popularity of a product. I save probably seen the Farmers Union ad a thousand croppings and never really paid much attention to it honestly not really knowing what they were handout on about, solely until I had actually taken the time to break it down and really think about it did I understand and give cr edit for how adroit it was.I had an experience where I was in a shop with a mate who was looking to buy a drink, while looking at his options I pointed out a Farmers Union Iced Coffee and told him how I finally figured out what they were talking about on the television ad and explained it all out to him. When I told him each and every detail he came up with the decision to buy one, which then occurred to me that the ad was successful because when I saw the product it reminded me about how good the ad was which then led to me telling my friend who bought the product. I do believe that the ad does have a negative side to it. whatever of the scenes in the advertisement could be offensive to some viewers, for example, the Apollo 1 disaster in which all three of the crew aboard were killed in the fire, the feminist ram in the 1970s where a man is seen burning a bra instead getting into the game of cricket which is on the TV. I think that it was a gamble to put these in the ad, they are only minor but could have received a fair bit of controversy towards the past and quantify where people would not like to have been reminded. Having said that everyone will have their own interpretation about the ad and how it is portrayed.The genre of this advertisement would in my sight be comedy, mainly due to the fact that the way the ad is produced and I believe that the laid back culture of Australians most people could maybe have a laugh. I get this because of the narrators voice, it almost brings out the way in which we may have acted during those times, like the underarm incident in the 1980s, I think the general action now would be something along the lines of What he did was stupid, but look at how we all reacted of course if I had lived through the particular time that is how I would be looking at it now.I think that they could probably get away with a bit more than they could because the culture in Australia is seen as a friendly and laid back place, sure times are b ad but here we get over them and look back at them while having a laugh. There is a higher representation of males throughout the whole of the ad. There are only two females showed, one being a minor character who doesnt get much attention paid to her and another who represents Cathy in 2000.Also neither of the females is drinking the beverage, in each clip where mortal is drinking the Iced Coffee it is always a male which could give the stereotype that usually only males consume the product because they work out in the hard conditions sweating under the sun. I dont think that it would cause much of a stir or would anyone really realize it, but its something I picked up while watching closely.The dominant reading when someone firsts sees this ad I think would definitely be just going along with what the narrator is saying and possibly being confused at what is going on, but still giving it the attention to make sure they melody in next time to the advertisement to be able to fully understand it. It would also probably be easier for someone that would have lived through these times at which the events all occurred or have learned about them through education or interest in areas such as sport or travel to space in order to pick up the mask meanings.The Alternative reading would be getting the ad for its real backgrounds meanings which are disguised through normal looking people, but representing world wide issues. Someone would have to be pretty switched on throughout the adverts between their programs to pick it up. I do not think someone could have figured out each event the first time they saw the ad, it would probably take someone a few times to see the ad then work it all out.The use of intertextuality in the advertisement of Farmers Union shows Australian tradesmen and hardworking sweaty men drinking it while they are working. It would give the message that this sort of beverage is for big, strong and tough men and is not for the light hearted. It also shows that if you are in a bad situation, the best Iced Coffee in Australia will get you through it and it already has through some of the good and bad times shown throughout the advertisement.

Marketing Make Up

There be several marketing approaches that bottomland be used to introduction a new product in the market. However, there are as well some greats and disadvantages which can be incurred while putting a definite publicizing strategy into action. ace type of marketing is called the USP or the Unique Selling Proposition. This aims to present the uniqueness of the product which other commodities do not get hold of. The main advantage of such process can be attributed by setting apart the make up bell ringers features and effects to ones visual appeal. An additional or breakthrough substance can be realized for marketing attraction. However, the main disadvantage is that the products effect can transmute from person to person. It is possible that there get out be a group of consumers who will not be able to acquire the brands see and may end up tarnishing the credibility of the brand.Another type of advertising technique is called Comparative Advertising. The process involves the acquisition of another brand name with the aforesaid(prenominal) product line up and comparing its quality and features side by side with the brand being advertised. This can be a very good approach in catching the attention of the consumers since the ready made features of the products can be observed in a form of testing. However, there can withal be issues wherein consumers may realize that if they are getting the same characteristics of the product, then most likely brand will not be a component part but consequently the market price.Fear appeal is commonly used in relaying the consequential pattern of events if no reliable product is available. Because of such effect, the consumers will be forced to purchase a marketed item because of their anxiety experiences as pictured in the advertisement.The major attribute here is to arouse the consciousness of the viewers to change their attitude in buying and divert their attention to the brand being advertised (Associated Conte nt, 2007). On the negative aspect, the advertiser will not have any clue whether the consumers will alternatively change their buying habits in favor of the brand. Since different perception and individual opinions will be involved, it can be very difficult to identify whether the bulk who will see the advertisement will get the intended message.Using a celebrity endorsement can also be one of the most effective ways to advertise a make up brand. Apparently, celebrities can easily attract buyers because of their reputation position in the entertainment industry. The more than popular the actress is, the higher the probability that the masses will believe her position in using the make up brand. One grave consequence of this however can be on the part of investment cost. Since these individuals will require an enormous talent fee, a huge ending making process should be implemented by the advertiser.A slice of life ad is a technique in which situations with problems are presented to be work using the product. Usually, these ads are too dramatic that audiences will be able to impart and relate their personal experiences (Answers, 2007). This can help the brand name to completely interact on the personal feelings of the consumers. One possible negative effect can be realized due to the limitation of the scope. Of course, not all people will be able to consider the situations presented in the advertisement to be factually true.The form of advertising in the essence of sex appeal is also used for many cosmetic and personal care brands. Since the make up industry primarily targets the female populace, different strategies of projecting the highest levels of sex appeal are instrumented. One good approach is to present and ad which focuses on the physical characteristic of the model. This will become the standard of the viewing consumers which will help in making them buy the item. However, giving them (consumers) the idea of involving sex appeal considerations c an easily lure them to purchase other product lines which may use more appealing models.Lastly, the humor approach in advertising can be used. In some cases, humorous advertising can make it very illuminate for the viewers to accept the main advantages of using the product being advertised. However, it can also project a certain form of apathy since the advertisers or the brand itself may project non-professionalism which may affect their credibility.ReferencesAnswers Corporation. 2007. Slice of Life. Answers.com. Retrieved November 26, 2007 from http//www.answers.com/topic/slice-of-life-advertisement?cat=biz-fin.Associated Content. 2007. Fear Appeal Messages and their Effectiveness in Advertising-Severin and Tankard. Retrieved November 26, 2007 from http//www.associatedcontent.com/article/27813/fear_appeal_messages_and_their

International Toursim Marketing Planning

Contents 1. Introduction to India1 2. PETSEL analysis1 2. 1 Political analysis1 2. 2 Economic analysis2 2. 3 hearty analysis2 2. 4 Technology analysis2 2. 5 Environmental analysis3 2. 6 Legal analysis4 3. Customer Analysis5 3. 1 Customer choice factors5 3. 2 Segmentation6 3. 3 Segmentation Matrix7 4. competitor Analysis8 5. cozy analysis9 6. Summary attire analysis and Key Take Out9 6. 1 SWOT analysis9 6. 2 Key Take Out10 7. Targeting analysis and positioning10 7. 1 Targeting analysis10 7. 2 Positioning12 8. Strategic cookery and Setting Objectives13 9. The Value Proposition14 10. merchandise Mix Recommendations14 11. Measuring Success15 12. Summary15 Appendix A16 References17 Lists of Figures Figure 1Target market selection exercise11 Figure 2 The positioning map of health and Wellness touristry element. 13 Figure 3 Ansoff Matrix14 Lists of shelves put over 1 Arrivals by Purpose of Visit 2006-20112 Table 2 Health and Wellness touristry sales by Category Value 2006 2 0113 Table 3 Balance of Thailand touristry defrayment Value 2006 20114 Table 4 Balance of Indonesia tourism retri yetion Value 2006 20114 Table 5 Segmentation Matrix7 Table 6 Indias Competitor divided by segment8Table 7 Competitors strengths and helplessness9 Table 8 SWOT analysis10 Table 9 The preying segment analyses12 Marketing Holiday This report provides trade plan for India touristry industry including 10 steps of merchandise supply referring to International Marketing Planning module (2012) 1. Introduction to India India is the most populous democracy, the seventh lifesizest country in term of total ara in the serviceman, which located in southeasterly Asia surrounded by Pakistan, chinaw atomic number 18, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, the Maldives Indian Ocean, Arabia Ocean and Bay of Bengal (Mintel 2010).In term of tourism, India plays host to a diverse mix of tourism choice. Natures, assays, cultures, nations, history, architectures and medi cal ar all on offer, making India an attractive destination to a variety of demographic groups. apart(predicate) from that, in 2009 this country was singled out as the best mensurate-for-money in term of realm Brand Index (CBI) done by FutureBrand (2012). India has Ministry of Tourism (MOT), its objective is to develop and promote tourism in India by formulating and administrating the rules, regulations and laws.And in 2002, MOT announced dumfounding India as the travel theme. The successful of campaign, nowadays the tourism industry in India is becoming the third largest earner in of foreign exchange (Government of India 2012). 2. PETSEL analysis In order to analyses extraneous environment of Indias tourism industry, PESTEL analysis could be applied and offer clues to opportunities and threats (Wood 2004). 2. 1 Political analysis 2. 1. 1 Stable elective administration India is the worlds largest democracy it has a stable democratic government for a long decade.India is a Secu lar Democratic Republic with a parliamentary corpse consists of Parliament and State Government this means in each pronounce of India has its own tourism department (Government of India 2012). It is advantage because each state becomes a competitor of each other, induce senior high school contest between states in order to gain profit from tourism industry. This fact elicit ensures stability for the tourism industry. 2. 1. 2 Terrorism India is facing with two type of terrorism external terrorists and internal terrorists but intra-terrorist takes more seriously printing to tourism.There is a cut down of growing internal terrorists e supererogatoryly Maoism and Naxalism their case un-peace in the country (South East Asia Terrioms Portal 2011). By the way Indias government (2012) is ceaselessly improving its defence pedigree to combat any potence attack form terrorists especially in aras like Jammu Kashmir and our metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore and places of strategic importance. 2. 2 Economic analysis 2. 2. 1 Economic growing rate GDP of India rose almost 7% in 10 years thence India becomes the fastest growing economies of the world (The realness Bank 2012).A higher economic growth cauterize bring intimately the foreigner investments. This situation wise to supply the higher number of business blabbers. Apart from that the construction of newer tourist avenues or attraction, beautification of cities and towns etc. are also induce the number of leisure chew upor as closely. (Rath et al. 2012). The table below clearly shows the capacious extend of arrivals from 2006-2011. Table 1 Arrivals by Purpose of Visit 2006-2011 microbe Euromonitor International from official statistics, swop ssociations, trade press, company research, trade interviews, and trade sources (2012) 2. 3 Social analysis 2. 3. 1 Diversity of nations, cultures and etc. India is a multination country having numbers of divers(prenominal), cultures, traditions , and ethnics. These diverse have a great amalgam of the past and present(a) and this naturally has its effects (Gupta, Lal and Bhattacharyya 2002). Some are negatives culture shock is a good example when state are facing an unfamiliar way of smell when visit to a new country. This is why mountain who belonging to the more affluent country decide not come to India.Be statuss there are positives side people who interested in multitudinous lifestyle also visits India and its help to break down prejudices, barriers, suspicions that exist between countries (Back, Bennett and Edles 2012). 2. 3. 2 Languages The phrases of Indian reflect the miscellany of the country. English is the one of official languages using in political and commercial communication while Hindi is the nation and the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people and 14 other official languages are spoken (Gupta, Lal and Bhattacharyya 2002).With this reason language barrier is not a hassle for both tourist and Indian. 2. 4 Technology analysis 2. 4. 1 Information Technology India has capability and resource in Information technology and engineering for proximo development (Rapoza 2012). Dogac, et al, (2004) intends the Internet gives many advantages in tourism industry. Some of these benefits for tourists are travel planning, fight booking, hotel reservation those active done on the internet nowadays.Beside on tourism organization use internet to promote new attractions and build long term relationship with customer such as sending special offer to customer, develop collaboration between tourism operators, enhance interoperability of external and internal applications. These actives will help increase the return of traveller. 2. 4. 2 Transportation facilities Indias fare has been recently developed such as air, marine and land transportation to meet travellers need (Government of India 2012). But the image of transportation in this country presenting to the world se ems under standard in terms of focus and security.For example in May 2012, train accident killed 5 people (BBC NEWS 2012). And in July 2012 fire train killed 32 passengers (BBC NEWS 2012). On the tourist view, the under standardize of transportation will take direct effect to tourist who looking for a luxury tourism experience on the other hand the backpackers seem not really concern about thingamajig transportation at all (Gupta, Lal and Bhattacharyya 2002). 2. 4. 3 Medical technology Medical in India is developing continuously in various forms such as spa, meditation, infirmary and surgery.India provide highly quality and professional with low cost. It costs half or one-third cheaper than similar intercessions in neighbouring medical hotspots such as capital of Singapore and Thailand. According to low price of medical service in India, the number of meditation sales has change magnitude double from 2006 in 2011 (Euromonitor International 2012). Table 2 Health and Wellness Tour ism sales by Category Value 2006 2011 Source Euromonitor International from official statistics, trade associations, trade press, company research, trade interviews, trade sources (2012) . 5 Environmental analysis 2. 5. 1 Environmental befoulment Nature hazard India is experiencing seriously environmental pollution for instant deforestation, soil erosion, air pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions, water pollution, huge and growing population is overstraining natural resources and drinking water is not available thought out the country (CIA 2012). not only pollution but also natural hazards that India has to deal with like earthquake in the Kashmir valley (NDTV 2012).This situation reflex to life quality in India and may bring down visitors trust then decide not to visit India because it is too risk. However, it is a good change for India to ameliorate their environment such as carefully cleaning ancient monument, cleaning areas around and improve them for to urism purpose (Gupta, Lal and Bhattacharyya 2002). 2. 6 Legal analysis 2. 6. 1 Taxation Since end of July 2012, Indias government announced to increase tax in short term accommodation business from 5. 15% to 7. 42% (The Times of India 2012). change magnitude of tax seem not has major effect to visitor.In generally traveller do not concern in minor change of taxation, take Thailand for example, it increased airport tax and car rental tax in 2011 but tourismpayments still high (Euromonitor International 2012). Table 3 Balance of Thailand Tourism Payment Value 2006 2011 Source Euromonitor International from official statistics, trade associations, trade press, company research, trade interviews, trade sources(2012) Meanwhile 2011 Indonesia announce full waiver of monetarytax in country, but it did not impact to visitors leading as well (Euromonitor International 2012).Table 4 Balance of Indonesia Tourism Payment Value 2006 2011 Source Euromonitor International from official stati stics, trade associations, trade press, company research, trade interviews, trade sources (2012) 3. Customer Analysis 3. 1 Customer choice factors later Ministry of Tourism announce and promote Incredible India in 2002, the number of visitor rise continuously because the successful of campaign (Ministry of Tourism of India 2012).India has done very well in creating value and positioning in tourism industry, they provide goods or serve that meet or exceed visitors satisfaction base on apprehensiveness what customers really need and it bring to customer choice factor analyses. Customer choice factor may relate to five factors which are Personal factor, Social factor, Environmental factor, Economic factor and Psychological factor (DOLCETA 2012). Below are lists of realizable customer choice factors on tourism industry. 3. 1. 1 Personal factor comes from individual personality age, sex, emotion, needs, like, knowledge, hobbies and etc. re involved such as (DOLCETA 2012) Visiting ne w place Arts and pagan are attractive Experiencing new and different lifestyle Trying new food Have fun and being entertained Facilities for disabilities Exciting outdoor activities Facilities for disabilities Standards of hygiene and cleanliness 3. 1. 2 Social factor related with individual sociality and relationship social skips, family, friends, and other people recommendations. With this factor CCFs might be (DOLCETA 2012) Meeting new and different people organism together as family Being able to communicate in English Activities for the entire familyTRAVETSAT(2011) reports that38% of external tourists choose their destination ground on friends & relatives recommendation. 3. 1. 3 Environmental factor, many people make decision and exaptation for the destination country base on environment, these people need (DOLCETA 2012) Interesting rural countryside lash-up transportation expert weather exotic atmosphere Good environmental quality 3. 1. 4 Economic facto r, traveling aboard is an activity that must spend a lot of money some people cannot afford and have limitation for expending during their journey which some money is not a enlarged deal and those also affect to CCFs.The possible CCFs are (DOLCETA 2012) tatty cost Variety of shopping place termination is valuable to holiday money 3. 1. 5 Psychological factor this factor quite difficult to explain that how it relate to CCFs of tourist because psychological is totally unique in each person compute on their mental function, behaviour and believed then the possible CCFs might be (DOLCETA 2012) Relaxation visiting their remembrances places Safely 3. 2 Segmentation Segmentation helps dividing the present and potential market organizations will better identify and compare market opportunity.Segments are considered on the basic of geographic, demographic and psychographic. Thus, each segment should distinguishable from others, reachable and relevant to our crossway (McDonald and Dunbar 2007). The possible segments in tourisms are Family tourism, customer in this segment usually travels with their family, might be parents with young children spend time together in order to educate their children and make a good relationship between members in family (Ball, Horner and Nield 2007). Religious tourism has purposes for pilgrimage, missionary especially Muslim and Buddhism.They would like to visit ancient pilgrimage place, in fact all religions Hindu, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism have their major and minor pilgrimage centre in the different countries (Gupta, Lal and Bhattacharyya 2002). Health & wellness tourism involved people who travel to a different place to receive treatment or proactively pursue activities that maintain or enhance their personal health and well-being, lower cost of care, higher quality of care and different treatment that they could receive at home. This most customers in this segment are Europeans because patients must attend of long tim e and process in order to avail medical treatment (Global Spa Summit 2011). Adventure tourism is categorized by the large amount of activities tourists undertake during their trip, and the large amount of interaction with the natural environment of their destination Typically adventure tourism will involve something that they would normally not have chance to partake in any other day (Ball, Horner and Nield 2007).Luxury tourism is something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity, sumptuous or expensive, abundance or great ease and comfort these are alldefinitions of luxury (The Strategic Travel Action Resource 2003). They just want to spend their money to effluence from real life and experience their ideal life for a short term. 3. 3 Segmentation Matrix According to tourists CCFs we can summaries and segment customer then present in the Segmentation Matrix adapted from Ministry of Tourism of India 2012 Customer Choice Factors (CCFs) Visiting new place- Arts and cultural are attractive- Experiencing new and different lifestyle- Trying new food- Have fun and being entertained- Facilities for disabilities- Exciting outdoor activities- Standards of hygiene and cleanliness- Meeting new and different people- Being together as family- Being able to communicate in English- Activities for the whole family- Interesting rural countryside- devisal transportation- Nice weather- Exotic atmosphere- Good environmental quality- threepenny cost- Variety of shopping place- Destination is valuable to holiday money- Relaxation- visiting their remembrances places- Safety Segment Name Characteristics Profile Principal Benefits Sought Family tourism These are people who have family and aim to do an activity together, rapprochement in family and educating their children. Age 7-15 and 30- 45- Couples with young Children. Well educate- Moderate income -Visiting new place- Have fun and being entertained- Being together as familyActivities for the whole family- Safety Religi ous tourism These are people who travel individually or in groups have a passionate for pilgrimage, missionary, or leisure (fellowship) purposes. hunch over to visit holy site or holy place. Age 40 70 Couples or single, no children- Enthusiast- Priest Arts and cultural are attractive- Inexpensive cost- visiting their remembrances places Health wellness tourism These are people who interested in medical treatment, health and well-being. This feed from luxury spa, meditation, yoga, to hospital treatments Age 30 70- Men and Women- Middle high income- Interesting in Health wellness Inexpensive cost- Being able to communicate in English- Standards of hygiene and cleanliness Adventure tourism These are people who like extreme, venture, and action activities such as mountain climbing, trekking, camping, canyonning, rock climbing and etc. Young, age 18 25- Male- Student fresh graduated- warn active Experiencing new and different lifestyle- Have fun and being entertained- E xciting outdoor activities- Exotic atmosphere Luxury tourism These are people who elect excellent service, luxury accommodation, high class shopping and other things that make they fell special and unique. Age 40+- Newlywed, Honeymoons- High income- Epicure, tasteful Convenience transportation- Relaxation- Nice weather- Variety of shopping place Table 5 Segmentation Matrix 4. Competitor Analysis Competitor analysis is significant in planning marketing strategies Company need avoid competitor myopia. To find out main competitor, company must clearly understand competitors strengths and weakness including their objective and strategies (Jobber 2010).Referring to part matrix, each segment has different competitor, some are share competitors which shows in table 6 . The analyses focus on countries which are located in Asia. lacquer is the most development country in Asia pacific thus facilities and service offer very high standard suitable for family and luxury tourism to visit th ere (Japan interior(a) Tourism system of rules 2012). Singapore is high growing in entertainment sightseeing such as Sentosa Island. Family and luxury tourism are attracted by long sheltered beach, golf courses, five-starhotels, and theResorts World Sentosa, featuring the theme parkUniversal Studios Singapore (Singapore Tourism poster 2012).mainland China, This year China push trend China Happy & Healthy Tour 2012 aims health tourism to visit because china has rich knowledge in oriental medical for a atomic number 19 year it offer an alternative medical (China National Tourism Administration 2012). Thailand has various Buddhist temples, exotic wildlife, and spectacular islands, also provides wide range area of actives related with natural. Moreover health and wellness tourism has a good reputation in the international market (Tourism Authority of Thailand 2012). Segment Name Competitor Family tourism Japan, Singapore, Thailand Religious tourism Thailand Health & wellness tourism Thailand, China, Singapore Adventure tourism Thailand ,China Luxury tourism Japan, Singapore Table 6 Indias Competitor divided by segment Next, the table 7 will show competitors strengths and weakness Country Strengths WeaknessJapan (Japan National Tourism Organization 2012) High Technology- Convenience transportation- Good management of government- Has Tokyo Disneyland Less people can speak English- High of living cost Singapore (Singapore Tourism Board 2012) High growing economic- Convenience transportation- English is official language- Entertainment industry is flourishing Few of historical places- High of living cost China (China National Tourism Administration 2012) Rich heritage of culture, ancient place and mix traditional- Fast country development- Has new travel spot thought out country- 43 Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List- Low living cost Social criminal- Only big city has good facilities- Less people can speak English Thailand (Tourism Authority of Thailand 2012) clear up 10 in Health tourism- Third largest Buddhist Population in the world- Has significant religious place- Variety of adventure activities- Beautiful landscape Unstable Political in country- moderate of English literacy Table 7 Competitors strengths and weakness 5. Internal analysis The internal analysis is areviewof anorganizationsstrengths and weaknesses depending upon their impact on the organizations objectives. Resource and capabilities, current offering, performance, business relationship and key issue are five factors influence the internal environment (Wood 2004). By the way strengths with respect to one objective may be weaknesses for other objective.A detailed internal analysis will give a good scent out of its basic competencies and the desirable improvement that it can make to meet potential customers requirements. For more detail of internal analysis will be discussed in SWOT analysis. 6. Summary SWOT analysis and Key Take Out 6. 1 SWOT ana lysis SWOT analysis encompasses both internal and external audit of the firm, good analyses can lead to creating marketing plan and strategy (Hollensen 2010). SWOT matrix below details strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of India adapted from (ANSARI March 2012), (Chakravarth, Kumar and K 2008) and (Mecdonald 2003). Table 8 SWOT analysis 6. 2 Key Take OutThe Key Take Outs will summarise the main finding from SWOT analysis which say significant to customer needs. The point is to single out what to be push forward or adjusted (Wood 2004). As mentioned in CCFs SWOT and reference to Top Factors Influencing Destination Choice by TRAVELSAT (2011), the affordable cost and English illiterate is the Indias greatest strengths the British Council (2011) claimed that English has often been referred to as a world language and most often taught as aforeign language. This is the reason why travellers pick out visit country which can speak English. Besides strength, the inefficaciou s marketing seems to be the greatest weakness that should be concerned.With lack of marketing cause India cannot position in strong competition. So the Indias strategic planning will develop weaknesses to strengths interim match the active strengths with promising opportunities. 7. Targeting analysis and positioning 7. 1 Targeting analysis Referring to customer analysis, there are 5 possible segments of Indias tourism. In this session will evaluate those segments in order to select one target segment. The targeting process will focus on attractiveness of each segment such as Market factor, competitive factors and environment factors in order to screen out insufficient profit potential and brilliant completion segments (Jobber 2010).Furthermore the target segment should fit to firms capability as well. To decide which segment is the best target, the target market selection model and Two-factor theory will be applied. Figure 1Target market selection model Source HOOLEY, Graham J. J . , SAUNDERS, John A. and PIERC, Nigel (2004). Marketing strategy and competitive positioning. 3rd ed. , Harlow, fiscal Times Prentice Hall. p. 358. Referring to the Two-factor theory contains with hygiene factor which cause people feeling of dissatisfaction while motivator factor brings peoples satisfaction. Or can say that hygiene factor is the lower level needs and motivator is the higher level needs (Reisinger 2009).The Targeting Decision Matrix below summarises the targeting segment analyses impinging back to CCFs, adapted from (Lye, Hill and Baker 2012) Segment Name Segment Attractiveness Competition Position Target decision For targeted segments What are the Hygiene factors? What are possible Motivators? Family tourism Unattractive Weak Avoid Safety Family activities Recognition- Interpersonal relation Religious tourism Average Average Possible Arts and religious cultural are attractive Believe Sense of achievement- Inexpensive cost Health Wellness tourism Att ractive Strong Primary target Standards of hygiene Inexpensive cost Being able to communicate in English Wellbeing Adventure tourism Average Average Possible Exciting outdoor activities Exotic atmosphere Experiencing new and different lifestyle Have fun and being entertained Luxury tourism Average Average Possible Relaxation Convenience transportation Nice weather Variety of shopping places Table 9 The targeting segment analyses 7. 2 Positioning European Health and Wellness tourism is chosen to be the primary segment. As competitors analysis shows that Thailand China and Singapore are the major competitors of the target segment. In order to understand the relative position of product compares with others competitors, two importance CCFs are used to represent the positioning map English literacy Inexpensive cost India India Singapore Singapore Thailand Thailand Expensive cost China China English illiteracy Figure 2 The positioning map of Health and Wellness tourism segment.To summarise, there are 3 aspects that help to consider the Health and Wellness tourism as a primary target. First is high growth rate, as in segmentation matrix shows that age of target group is around 30 70 years old. CIA World Factbook( 2012) reported that over 65% of world populations are 15-70 years old and continuing increase over the next 10 years. Meanwhile, the trends of health and wellness are very popular in the development country such as UK people are looking for alternative medication which is high standard, cheaper and not consume their time. The third is completion position compare with competitors as the positioning map clearly shows that China has cheesy medication cost but lack of English literacy.In contrast, Singapore fluently speaks English but cost of treatment is too high meanwhile Thai people able to speak English in the middle level but cost of medication still high unlike India has high English literacy and inexpensive cost, positively s upport to CCFs of target segment as they need low-cost and English speaking. With all above reasons make target segment has the most possibilities of profit creator. 8. Strategic Planning and Setting Objectives The Department of Tourism will to use growth strategy. As ResearchAndMarket website (2012) did the research of Asian Medical Tourism Analysis (2008-2012) and forecasted that India medical tourism able to account 38% of market with in next year. Thus, it become operational objectives for India medical tourism Dominate at least 38% market share of the regions medical tourism industry by 2013, become the highest number of medical tourist and income among other Asian countries within 5 years .Furthermore, for the long-term substitutable strategy objective to gain insight into brand awareness of target customer to middle level and creating the value proposition in customer mind within 10 years In order to achieve goals the Ansoffs Matrix will be taken to account it offers a st rategy for reaching objective, identify the key directions and develop sustainable competitive advantage (Ansoff 1987). Figure 3 Ansoffs Matrix Source ANSOFF, H. L (1987). Strategies for Diversification. Harvard Business Review, Sept. Oct. , p. 114. As current India medical service has well reputation in the European customers, in the other words India has existing products with existing markets.So the tourism department should do the market penetration focus on the European customer. 9. The Value Proposition The value Proposition can be defined as a benefit which customer will receive in return for the customers associated payment or in the other hands why a consumer should buy a product or use a service (Hollensen 2010). As the figure 2, we offer customer a standard but inexpensive cost of medical and treatment which operated by English literacy authorities. 10. Marketing Mix Recommendations The marketing mix is a key tool used in marketing it consists of Product, Price, Promoti on, Place, People, Physical Appearances and Processes (Wood 2004).In this session will give recommendations for each element but more detailed on Promotion due to international publicize is the weakness of India tourism. We aim to transform weakness into strength and creating sustainable competitive advantage (Kotler and Armstrong 2012). Product is a customer solution. To satisfy customer needs, India offer wind range of alternative quality medications and function. The Indian Systems of Medicine include Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy (see appendix A) and also has a number of hospitals offering a world class treatment with the specialities and health personnel together (Chakravarth, Kumar and K 2008). They may try to offer medical & travel package to customers.Price is the customer cost, as CCFs of medical tourism they prefer an affordable cost. At this stage, an organization can do the cost differentiate, low cost, discount, and credit terms (Chakra varth, Kumar and K 2008). Promotion refers to the communication, as SWOT shows India lack of international advertising then they should do the following suggestions * Increase international advertising. It is good for awareness building in the international market by do advertising on TV in the target countries. Thus, brand concept can be communicated effectively (Kotler and Armstrong 2012). * Personal selling sell medical package via local anaesthetic agencies.Because agencies not only interactive with customer but also adaptable depending on customer needs (Kotler and Armstrong 2012). * Direct marketing Targeting on target customers and continuous built long term relationship (Jobber 2010). * Internet promotion The message send to customer thought electronic media. It is the global reach at comparatively low cost but affective and measureable (Jobber 2010). For instant specific website for medical tourism with many languages. Place relevant to convenience. Organization should dev elop their transportation services make it easy for visitors (Wood 2004). Such as provide Car/ ambulance transfer from airport hotel hospital. People, India should develop and train ealth personnels skills in order to keep them standardize (Continuum attainment PTE LTD. 2012). Physical Evidence is about where the service is being delivered from. This element of the marketing mix will distinguish a company from its competitors. Customers will make judgments about the organisation based on the physical evidence. For example, in the hospitals or health clubs should have reliable certificate, good ambient conditions and facilities or join and international medical associations. (Continuum Learning PTE LTD. 2012). Process Develop the process of medication or treatment in India try to make it faster but high quality than another European country (Continuum Learning PTE LTD. 2012). 11. Measuring SuccessWood (2004) suggested that if company want to know whether marketing process successfu l, company must have clear objectives and baseline measures. At the CEOs and Boards of tourism department point of view surely they care about the financial. The best measurement metrics should be the revenue, margin, profit and ROI (Marketo Inc. 2012). Although, the financial is important but on the marketer aspect the market share and customers brand awareness are essential as well. By monitoring those firmness after lunch marketing activates compare with the previous result, firm can realise that they do the marketing activities in the right way or not? 12. SummaryThe Department of Tourism India chose Health wellness tourism as the target segment, the market plan base on the analytical process of PESTEL, internal, competitors, customers, SWOT and marketing mix. Propose to create objective and long term competition advantage and strategy. The success may measure by marketing metres such as revenue, margin, profit, ROI market share and brand awareness. Appendix A Ayurveda The hea ling touch of the magic of the invaluable Indian legacy is Ayurveda. Ayurveda is a unique health care system that was established in India in around 600 BC. Ayurveda is an indispensable branch of medicine, a complete naturalistic system that depends on the diagnosis of the bodys ailments to achieve the right eternal sleep Yoga is not really a system of medicine.Its objectives are self- realization and spiritual union with all pervasive divine cosmic power. But certain intercessor practices and yogic attitudes have proved beneficial for reducing stress, preventing many lifestyle-related diseases, and promoting general health and wellbeing. Naturopathy is based on the fundamental principles of Ayurveda. The basic tenet of Naturopathy is to live check to the laws of nature disease occurs due to the accumulation of toxins in the body, and to cure the ailment, the body is purified with the use of natural methods, dietary regulations and exercise. Unani The Unani system originated in t he fourth and fifth atomic number 6 BC in Greece under the patronage of Hippocrates and Galen.The system is based on the Humoural theory that good health depends on the balance of the four humours blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. Siddha Siddha means a master thus the name denoted the mastery of such practices. The most famous of the siddha was Nagarjuna, whose forms the basis of this system. The distinctive features of siddha are its reliance on minerals and metallic compounds, and its emphasis on rejuvenation therapies. Homeopathy The term homeopathy comes from the Greek word homios means like and pathos means suffering. Homeopathy workings by looking at the symptoms, will take into account the individuals mental, physical, emotional and spiritual health before deciding the treatment. Homeopathy is based on the principles that like cures like.Source Chakravarth, Kalyan, Kumar, C H. Ravi and K, Deept (2008). Conference on Tourism in India Challenges Ahead- Swot Analysi s On Medical Tourism. IIMK, 15-17 May 2008. , p. 358 364. References ANSARI, DR. IRFAN AHMED ( March 2012). SWOT ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL TOURISM IN VARANASI. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2 (3), 210 223. ANSOFF, H. L (1987). Strategies for Diversification. Harvard Bussiness Review, Sept. Oct. , 114. BACK, Les, BENNETT, Andy and EDLES, Laura (2012). Cultural Sociology An Introduction. online. Blackwell Publishing. last accessed 17/10/2012 at www. myilibrary. com BALL, Stephen, HORNER, Susan and NIELD, Kevein (2007).Contempory hositality & tourism management issues in china and india. Oxford, Elsevier Ltd. BBC NEWS (2012). India train accident kills five. online. 31 05, Article from World Asia last accessed 07/10/2012 at http//www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-asia-india-18276006 BBC NEWS (2012). India train fire kills 32 in Andhra Pradesh. online. 30 07, last accessed 07/10/2012 at http//www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-asia-india-19043970 CHAKRAVARTH, Kalyan, KUMAR, C H. Ravi and K, Deept (2008). Conference on Tourism in India Challenges Ahead- Swot Analysis On Medical Tourism. IIMK, 15-17 May 2008. , 358 364. CHINA NATIONAL TOURISM ADMINISTRATION (2012). China National Tourism Administration. online. choke accessed 12 10 2012 at http//www. tourismchina. org CIA (2012). The Central Intelligence Agency. online. Last accessed 10 10 2012 at https//www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in. html CONTINUUM LEARNING PTE LTD. (2012). 7Ps of Services Marketing. online. Last accessed 27 11 2012 at http//www. continuumlearning. com/Customer%20Services_7Ps%20of%20Services. pdf DOGAC, A, et al. (2004). Semantically enriched web services for the travel industry. SIGMOD Rec. , , 3, 7-21. DOLCETA (2012). Factors Which Influence. online. Last accessed 07 10 2012 at http//www. dolceta. eu/united-kingdom/index. php EUROMONITOR internationalistic (2012).Health and Wellness in India. online. Last accessed 8 10 2012 at http//www. portal. euromoni tor. com. lcproxy. shu. ac. uk/Portal/Pages/Search/SearchResultsList. aspx EUROMONITOR INTERNATIONAL (2012). Travel and Tourism in Indonesia. online. Last accessed 18 10 2012 at http//www. portal. euromonitor. com EUROMONITOR INTERNATIONAL (2012). Travel and Tourism in Thailand. online. Last accessed 18 10 2012 at www. portal. euromonitor. com FUTUREBRAND (2012). FutureBrand. online. Last accessed 28 10 2012 at http//www. futurebrand. com/think/reports-studies/cbi/2009/overview/ GLOBAL SPA SUMMIT (2011). RESEARCH REPORT GLOBAL SPA SUMMIT 2011. online. Last

Two Heads Are Better Than One

Societies be kindredly to decline due to corruption, in the passage we read the soldiers got ill at ease(p) and only the rich could afford to raise an army to fight on Romeos behalf Here we tooshie notice that, because of corruption which resulted on the lack of funds the organisation could no longer provide protection for Rome. Therefore the richer members of society used their own funds to pay for the countrys army. The government failed to deliver services in a good quality that was expected.The quality of life deteriorates and people tend to develop a mentality of the survival of the fittest. 2. The effective way of fighting corruption is by 3. 1 Teaching lessonity at home as well as at school and churches, especially to the young children since they are the future leaders. If moral values are emphasized from a younger age the future generation depart have better morals 3. 2 Introduction of a regular form of auditing for the government departments at least on a monthly ba sis. 3. Introducing nongovernmental charity organizations to Andre some of the unrestricted funds 3. 4 Increase the sentiency programmer regarding corruption, make the community take a stand and report any non- conformances from the government officials. 3. The reasons why successful societies are the least corrupt, is because of satisfaction In most of the needs. There Is no reason for any corruption at all the rate of employment is high when compared to unemployment. People develop in wrong of entrepreneurship which results In Job creation opportunities.Proper education Is guaranteed, people are tolerant and humanity is maintained. 4. The social indicators which demonstrate that the society is well run may take the following Good Infrastructure-the public funds are used in a proper way and the government is able to provide services much(prenominal) as rail, roads, ports and social grant for senior citizens. Proper housing Is provided by the government for the people who are unable to buy their own houses. Unemployment rate Is real low as well as the crime rate Is low, education Is improved and the public funds are not misused.Section B Tenderheartedness personal use of public property and funds Favoritism Bribery Nepotism Societal corruption BEE Fronting Failed society Figurer . (Different forms of corruption) In this article we are going to argue the ways in which corruption cripples the development of society, what are the different forms of corruption as well as causes and consequences of this corruption as illustrated on figure 1 above.We will further discuss the possible measures which can be utilized in order to eradicate this disease which has become a barrier for the societal development. 2. WHY DO WE HAVE CORRUPTION IN SOCIETY? 3. 1 Greed Power hungry politicians are the greediest unmatcheds and are likely to be defenseless when it comes to corruption. It is not the whole government that is corrupt it is the individuals within the structu res who got into positions not to deliver the services that have been promised, exclusively to satisfy their own personal needs. . 2 overlook of education People seem to overlook and never notice the misuse of public property and funds due lack of education. The officials may bring corroboration for reviews, but since communities lack educated personnel who can interpret the documents, then the name officials can mislead the public into believing whatever they say regarding the public funds. 3. 3 Lack of morals Nowadays people seem to not know now to distinguish between right and wrong, as long as they got what they want that is all that matters.We are moving towards a state whereby corruption is being accepted as a norm. 3. 4 Poverty arty is one of the aspects that contribute towards the acts of corruption in the society. Some people will go an extra mile doing all the wrong things towards the other members of society. A gentleman or a lady may come and tell everyone moieties ev en use the media for advertising posts for a certain company yet there is no such, but since the society is stricken by poverty nobody will seem to worry about the scam as long as there are Jobs to be offered.At the end of the day they pay some bribery money and that gentleman or lady is gone forever with their money Bribery and how it disturb the society Bribery is the act whereby a person offers or request a payment in return for a favor, for example. If person is caught speeding or driving under influence of alcohol or any kind of drugs, either the natural law officer ask for payment so that he She can let him/her go or the offender may offers to pay the police officer for his/her freedom.The practices like this had made the society to lose their faith on the police department as well as Justice. In some cases we find that people who are not qualified for a particular Job are being hired only because they had paid the recruiter, some company officials may even request for sex i n return for a position. The company will end up with the people who are not suitable for the Job and the exults will be very negative, since unqualified personnel will never be productive.If the company is no longer productive there will be a negative impact on the society, because a lot of people may lose their Jobs Just because of bribery. 3 4. 6 Private use of the public funds and property. Private use of the public funds and property has been a sombre issue in South Africa, and it has resulted in non delivery of the services which the funds or property were meant for. There are cases whereby people die because they could not lead the help room the police, Just because there were no vans at the police station since Mr. so and so had taken his wife to work with the police van.Incidents like these do not promote crime in the society, because the culprits know that the police are not responding to the cases which are being reported. In South Africa, corruption has been taken as a norm and it seems like it is an acceptable practice. It is evident that the society is not developing at all, in terms of infrastructure, service delivery as well as housing. We need to teach the value of morale TTY to the young ones who will be our next leaders.

Business Management Danone

BUSINESS MANAGEMENT - CONTENTS PAGE introduction3 literature review4 swot analysis4 external factors4 organizational structures5 hofstedes theory5 heathenish elements5 motivation6 danones analysis7 I- strategic analysis7 1- DANONEs industry7 2- swot analysis8 3- exploring new opportunities 11 II- organizational analysis12 1- external factors12 2- DANONEs organizational strucure13 3- home countrys civilization blow15 DANONEs motivational system16 conclusion and recommendations 18 bibliography19 appendices21 - INTRODUCTION We hasten chosen the chemical group DANONE because it is a world-famous leash French group, which is often recognised for its worry wind instrumentership. DANONE is a food-products multinational corporation based in Paris. It is the world hotshoter in fresh dairy products, 2nd in bottled piddle and baby food and European leader in clinical nutrition.Business Management Study GuideBeing a leader in these 4 segments corresponding to the heavy trends of consu mption and deriving to a greater extent than 50% of its turnover from developing countries occupy helped the stem to secure a 6,9 % growth in 2010 diethylstilbestrolpite the down turn of world economy. It is obvious that to be capable to be successful on these highly competitive markets, a smart set owes to apply a good strategy. The group is also support by an utile communication and by a strong involvement in Research and development where they spend 1% of their global turn over.But above all these, with its troubled development in emerging countries often by means of roast ventures and its switch in 2007 of 40% of its activities from biscuits to baby and clinical food, what has been critical to insure its success done these drastic neuters has been the management of the group under the strong leadership of Franck Riboud who observeed, as chairman and CEO of DANONE, to his father Antoine in 1996.Through this study, we shall show how DANONE possesses a real indistinguish ability in truth present in its management and organization and that this heathen stupefy, initiated since the early 70s by Antoine Riboud and enhanced by Frank Riboud, has been key to the company success. - LITERATURE REVIEW * SWOT analysis A strategic planning tool that includes external and internal factors and is utilized by occupationes and other organizations to ensure that in that location is a clear objective defined for the project or venture, and that all factors related to the effort positive and negative are identified and addressed. (Tatum, 2010) The SWOTs process involves four areas of consideration * Strengths characteristics of the business or team that give it an expediency over others in the industry. * Weaknesses are characteristics that place the firm at a disadvantage relative to others. * Opportunities external chances to make greater sales or profits in the environment. * brats external elements in the environment that could cause trouble for the bu siness. apperiodment of SWOTs is essential because subsequent steps in the process of planning for achievement of the selected objective whitethorn be derived from the SWOTs. External factors fit to David Buchanan and Andrzej Huczynski (5th edition), external factors of a business organization include * Macro-environment factors (PESTLE analysis) identifying the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Ecological factors affecting an organization. * Micro-environment factors (Porters Five Forces) * Competitive rivalry * Threat of new entry * Buyer power * Threat of substitution * Supplier power * organizational structuresBased again on David Buchanan and Andrzej Huczynski (5th edition), organizational structure is The format system of task and reporting relationships that controls, coordinates and motivates employees so that they work unneurotic to achieve organizational goals. The purpose of organization structure is, for the first timely, to divide up organiza tional activities and allocate them to sub-units and, second, to co-ordinate and control theses activities so that they achieve the aims of the organization. * Hofstedes guessYou can read also Portfolio Management QuizzesHofstedes research gives us insights into other cultures so that we can be more than effective when interacting with people in other countries. As it was clearly defined at Alan Godsaves lecture (2011), Hofestedes cultural dimensions are * Individualism People look after selves and nimble family only. * Masculinity dominant social set are success, money, and things. * Power distance Less powerful members accept that power is distributed unequally. * Uncertainty avoidance people palpate threatened by ambiguous situations create beliefs/institutions to avoid such situations. * Time and Relationship dimensions. Cultural Elements According to Bauer and Erdogan (2009) Culture can be understood in terms of seven different culture dimensions, depending on what is most emphasized in spite of appearance the organization. For example, innovative cultures are flexible and adaptable, and they experiment with new thinkings, while durable cultures are predictable, rule-oriented, and bureaucratic. punishing cultures can be an asset or a liability for an organization but can be challenging to change. Organizations may switch subcultures and countercultures, which can be challenging to manage. Culture dimensions (the organization culture profile) Innovative * Aggressive * Outcome-oriented * Stable * People-oriented * Team-oriented * Detail-oriented * Motivation The cognitive, decision-making process through which goal- enjoin behaviour is initiated, energized, and directed and maintained. (David Buchanan and Andrzej Huczynski, 5th edition) Motivation can be regarded as a broad concept, which includes preferences for get out(a)icular outcomes, strength of effort (half-hearted or enthusiastic) and persistence (in the face of barriers). These are the factors that we gift to understand in order to explain our motivation and behaviour.These are the factors that a manager has to appreciate in order to motivate employees to be founder in organizationally desirable ways. - epitome I STRATEGIC ANALYSIS 1 DANONES INDUSTRY History, harmonise to DANONE official website, www. danone. fr The original company bearing the collective name was founded in 1919 by Isaac Carasso in Barcelona (Spain) as a small factory producing yoghurt initially interchange in Pharmacy. The factory was named Danone, a Catalan diminutive of the name of his first son. Ten years later, the first French factory was built.Also you can readBusiness Ethics ComprisesIn 1967, Danone merge with Gervais, the leading fresh cheese producer in France and became Gervais Danone. A nonher branch of Group Danone descended from industrial glassmaker BSN, which was founded by the family of Antoine Riboud. He transformed BSN into one of Europes leading food groups in the 197 0s through a series of acquisitions and mergers, including the 1973 merger with Gervais Danone. The acquisitions initially took the shape of vertical integration, acquiring brewer Kronenbourg and Evian mineral water that were the glassmakers largest customers. In 1973, the company merged with Gervais Danone and began to expand internationally.In 1979, the company abandoned glassmaking. In 1987, Gervais Danone acquired European biscuit manufacturer world-wide Biscuit, owners of the LU brand, and, in 1989, it bought out the European biscuit operations of Nabisco. In 1994, BSN changed its name to Groupe Danone, adopting the name of the groups best-known international brand. Franck Riboud succeeded his father, Antoine, as the companys chairman and CEO in 1996. Under Riboud junior, the company continued to pursue its focusing on three product groups (dairy, beverages, and cereals) and divested itself of several activities, which had become non-core.From 1999 to 2006, the group sold it s glass-containers business, its European and Chinese beer activities, its Italian cheese and meat businesses, and its sauces business. Despite these divestitures, Danone continues to expand internationally in its 3 core business units, emphasising wellness and well-being products. In July 2007, it was announced that Danone had reached agreement with Kraft to sell its biscuits division, including the LU and Prince brands. Also in July 2007 Danone bought the Dutch baby food and clinical nutrition company Numico creating the worlds second largest manufacturer of baby food.Facts 2010 Sales 17 080 meg euros Operational profit 2 578 million euros. Employees 101 000 Factories 159 realness Ranking in the food industry 5th CAC 40 (Paris stock exchange) ranking in capitalization 9th Activities, Brands (DANONE official data and information, on hand(predicate) at www. danone. com) Fresh dairy products with 20 % of the world market (35 % in certain countries) and a presence in about forty c ountries, Danone is the leader on this market. This activity, representing 57 % of the turnover of the Group, recorded an increase of 6,5 % in 2010.The strategy of the Group within the world market of the dairy products is to lean on innovations products centred on service of process your health and on local adaptation of its brands. main brands Danone, first world mark with Danone, Actimel, Activia, Danonino (Small Gervais in Fruits), Vitalinea (Taillefine, Vitasnella or Ser in rough countries), Danacol, Gervita and Dany. Packaged waters This activity, representing 17 % of the turnover of the Group, recorded an increase of 5,3 % in 2010. Main brands Evian (world 1st bottled water), Volvic, Aqua, Bonafont and Font Vella Baby food This activity, representing 20 % of the turnover of the Group, recorded an increase of 8,9 % in 2010. Main brands Bledina, Gallia, Nutricia, Nutrini, Milupa, Cow&Gate, Bebiko. Clinical nutrition this last pole, representing 6% of the turnover, record ed a 9% increase in 2010. Main brands Nutricia, fortimel, Nutrison http//danone10. danone. com/vignettes/fr/html_danone10/docs/Principaux_indicateurs_2010_FR. pdf 2 SWOT ANALYSIS * INTERNAL * STRENGTHS Promotion * A brand more than a company Legitimacy to impose its products. * Master in marketing (copied by Unilever and Nestle). Take advantage of a strong image as specialist of food with health con nonation. The group strengthen its scientific credibility by clinical studies (DANONE institute). * Derive World fame, thanks to Evian, the world famous brand of water. Price * Capacity to impose its prices thanks to its notoriety and its image. * Possibility of imposing high prices with regard to the market health connotation. Distribution Notoriety Allows a referencing in all distribution channels. The standardization / globalisation of its products allows to answer at universal needs, optimizing their global distribution. Margin of important negotiation market packet and spectacu lar notoriety. Model geographically well balanced with half of the turnover in emerging countries, 10% in the USA and the ministration in Western Europe. Possibility of self-financing in the case of new subsidiaries important financial capacities. Product * Strong capacities of innovation all over the world. * Adaptation to hostile consumer habits. * Benefit from an excellent mastering of its businesses specificity know how to make. * Have at the same time a portfolio of international brands and very robust local positions. Strong authority and loyalty of the consumers to products (imputable to the quality control). Organization * Benefit from a healthy financial structure and a good level of internal growth. * Unique flexible decentralised organisation * The most powerful food Group in the sector of the health. * Intensification of the strategy of growth. * Have competitive advantages (brands, distribution network) unique in 2 businesses (Water, dairy farm products). * WEAKN ESSES Promotion * Sued for misleading advertising. Price * Increase of the level of the prices due to high cost price of raw packaging materials.Place * The policy of standardization of products makes potentially unenviable taking into account the sociocultural differences or the taste differences of the various populations. Product * The policy of standardization is a barrier to operate adjustments produced according to the evolutions of markets or the changes of trend. * The globalization is a difficulty to take into account the strategies of differentiations of the competitors, in particular at the level of a specific country. * The brands are the main asset of the company.Organization * DANONEs model may be difficult to be accepted over corporate culture and differences of management in various countries. * Difficulties to integrate exogenous elements into its culture. * EXTERNAL * OPPORTUNITIES purpose Opportunities of external growth through Potential foreign partners seduc ed by * The respect and the conservation of the partners corporate culture * The understanding of his culture forward a proposition of common projects * The cultural footbridges in favour of ideas and knowledge sharing. The quality of the industrial and marketing know-how facilitate the co-branding with the other brands on the other markets. hold Expanding market (convenience goods). A large flesh of countries remain to be converted to fresh dairy products as well as bottled water (developing countries). Even in times of crisis the most basic needs of consumers is food. Influences * Healthy food became a major subject and is widely followed and supported by the consumers and the legislation (preventive campaigns against the obesity). * THREATS Offer * Strong direct competition by hard discounters and store brands. Strong competition in the field of the water PepsiCo (Aquafina) and Nestle (Perrier). * Inflationary environment of dairy products. * change magnitude Costs of the communications often involving to part from certain brands. * Anchored in a very competitive system link to the expansion of its market. Demand * Versatility of the demand cogitate to the diversity of the offer on the food market. Influences * Governmental campaigns concerning the health potential problem of excessive consumption of fresh dairy product. 3 EXPLORING NEW OPPORTUNITIES * According to le Figaro website (www. efigaro. fr), since August 2011 DANONE is experimenting its own fast food restaurant and corners in France under the name Danone bar to sale yogurts. If it works the model could be duplicated first in various cities in France and then major cities in other countries where the dairy product are consumed essentially at home and not outside. (Please, go for picture N2) * Based on web and luxe website (www. webandluxe. com), Evian is also experimenting home delivery in Paris, based on the fact that some customers are reluctant to buy themselves bottle water packs bec ause of their weight.If it works this idea could also be duplicated in major cities. Furthermore Evian claims that it entrust help with its carbon strike as these deliveries are made with electrical cars. * Evian has also undetermined a new website, (www. myevian. com), were customers can buy customized bottles with their name or a specific get out/event engraved with laser on the bottle. (Please, see picture N3) * Savia, a new range of soy-based take out and yogurts, made its debut in Confederate Europe in 2009, and in France Taillefine, the brand that invented light dairy products, launched a new line of crop desserts in partnership with Andros, a leading fruit processor. www. danone. fr) II ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS 1 EXTERNAL FACTORS * PESTEL ANALYSIS We redacted this part of the work based on external factorsliterrature review. * Political factors. Up to now on that point are four types of political factors potentially affecting Danone * The Danone Amendment that the fr ench government passed in 2005 to protect the group and its minority shareholders from a rumoured take over by PepsiCo * The potential threat of an increase in customs taxes amidst Europe, Asia (most of all china), and NAFTA due to the world frugal crisis. Increased Government campaign for public health against obesity go out be likely to increase the group sales. * Change in the European Union agricultural subsidies will affect strongly the milk producers thus having a strong impact on the European business of Danone. * Economic factors. * Rate of exchange of Euro versus Yuan and Dollar may play a role in the sales of European made products elsewhere but through joint ventures in a human action of countries, this risk/opportunity is downsized for the group. * General slow down of world economy but so far the group has a growth higher than the world average. Increased demand of ruin food product in Asia, India and Brazil with the average standard of living increasing have a pos itive impact. * Increase price of raw materials, due to tightening of supply vs. demand, such as plastic, will have a strong impact on packaging costwhich represents a significant part of the product cost in bottled water the growth of water revenues in 2010 was lower than the growth in quantities because of this factor. * Social factors. * Except for Africa the world population is ageing, this will have a potential positive impact on the demand for healthy food (activia and in the richest countries for clinical food but it twill impact adversely the infant food segment. * On the long run this may also have an impact on the workforce but for the next hug drug Danone work force is relatively young. * Increased awareness of the population of all ages to the positive or negative health effect of food. * Increased demand for sporty trade may increase the price Danone has to pay to milk producer in non-or poorly regulated areas like Africa. * Technological factors New biotechnologies, molecules or proteines may increase the credibility and effectiveness of cosmetic and health food thus giving an edge to Danone which has focussed its strategy on these segment since much more time than its main competitors and have the research facilities to do so. * Environmental factors * The growing scarcity of good drinkable water may increase the sales of the water division, as it has already been the case in some countries like Spain. Greater requirements for recycling of plastic packaging and lowering carbon print may lead to the need of a change in Danones packaging and distribution.They have already thought about it through home delivery of water and reutilisation of mindless bottle as mentioned before. * Legal factors * The recent case of Danone being sued for misleading advertising on the supposed health benefit of some of its products (Actimel) may have further implications and force it to change substantially its line of communication. 2 DANONES ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCT URE A structure is all the functions and the relations determining formally the missions and the functions which every unit of the organization has to achieve and the modes of collaboration between these units (STRATEGOR, 1993) HIERARCHY SYSTEM Danone organization is built in a way to increase tractability and efficiency, optimize integration of employees in the group and facilitate functional, geographical and cultural synergies. It is basically a division type organization. (Please, see picture 4) In the mixed bag of international groups introduced by Howard Perlmutter, Danone is a geocentric firm An equal sharing of power and responsibility between headquarters and subsidiary senior management promoted according to ability kinda than nationality subsidiaries that share worldwide objectives with managers focusing beyond national market interests.In Danone the benefits of cultural diversity, such as knowledge of local customers and business practices, are harnessed for the goo d of the firm as a whole. Local divisions must identify aspects of diversity that are most important to them and their operations and take the lead in expressing and managing these differences. Discussion, interaction, cross-divisional teamwork and job rotation, support, awareness, and understanding go alongside training programs, language courses, and cultural assimilation.It is typically a think globally, act locally company. * DANONES berth IN ACCORDANCE WITH HOFSTEDES THEORY * Individualism This dimension is certainly medium-low in Danone. People are expected to do cross-divisional teamwork and loyalty to the group rather than individuals is highly valued. In return each division and functions know that they can count on the others when facing a problem. * Masculinity This is a dimension were the cultural aspect of France and Danones CEO personalities have plaid an important part in Danones culture.The score of France and in habitual Latin countries is not very high. Furthermo re the fact that an important part of the business is now done in developing countries where this dimension is low have reinforced this aspect. So we would take that Danone is certainly more feminine. This could explain also that so far the US is not one of Danones main markets because of its strong masculinity cultural component. * Power distance Like most international group with a divisional type organization, power distance is relatively low to medium.Inequalities among people will tend to be minimised, decentralisation of activities is important, subordinates expect to be consulted by superiors, and privileges and status symbols are less evident. However it is also * Uncertainty avoidance Being a group dealing with the food market, the standardization of products, brands, common determine world wide are a way to avoid as much as possible uncertainty. On the other hand the Group has to adapt permly to external elements as we will see in the Pestel analysis so from our point o f view, uncertainty avoidance dimension is medium to high. Time and Relationship dimensions. According to Frank Riboud and Myriam Cohen-Welgryn (2011), Danone is looking at the long term A company cannot succeed in the long run if it turns its back on the society it is a part of, if it only looks to its short-term economic gain. . Their strategic move in 2007 when they sold the world N 2 biscuit division in exchange of infant and clinical food brand is certainly a proof of that. On the other hand Danone is a company strongly engaged in the immediate social wellness of its employee and countries where they have factories.All this cultural and strategic aspect of the Group was well summarized by Antoine Riboud in the 90s The most successful companies are the ones who think simultaneously about the technological change, the contents of the work and the change of the internal social connections in the company. 3 HOME COUNTRYS CULTURE IMPACT * DETERMINING ELEMENTS OF DANONES CULTURE Fi rst of all DANONE is a multinational group which wants to share and transmit it own values in all countries where its implanted. Based on DANONE official website (www. danone. om), DANONE has four important values that have to be passed on through their products and their commitments all over the world * The openness this value includes various notions such as the open-mindedness, the curiosity and valuing diversity. * The enthusiasm It symbolizes the desire and capacity to take risks and explore new, not to mention the conviction to surpass oneself and to take some pleasure by working. * The humanism DANONE wants to accentuate the fact that the group pays attention to the safety of people and products. Likewise it is environmentally friendly. * The proximity The group pay attention to their customers.Indeed its essential for DANONE to be tuned into the expectations but also the complaints of these customers. In addition as DANONE is a French company there are other values, which c ome from its home countrys culture First the idea to have a well-balanced diet by eating products of good qualities and with good taste is an important cultural subject for a large number of Frenchs. There is a growing awareness that a bad diet has direct consequences on peoples health, but also major economic consequences in terms of public health costs. Second French have a big craze for the environmentally policy.Indeed since a few years the sustainable development and the ecology are very present notions in the life of everyone. So DANONE tries to convey these same notions through their products as well as within their advertisements all over the world. All these notions are at the core of DANONEs mission. * CULTURE IMPACT ON EACH OTHER The four core values and the French influence described here above are a frame in which the team of each division and each country where DANONE is present, have to adapt taking into consideration to their own cultural specificity as mentioned bef ore.In fact it is perfectly in line with the openness value so the model is not rigid. When DANONE wants to open a new market in a country which culture is quite different from its own, they usually do so by incorporating joint venture with strong national partners like they did in Russia (10% of their sales in 2010) or China. The only core value, which they consider as non-negotiable, is humanism. So DANONE is typically a think globally, act locally company. 4 DANONES MOTIVATIONAL SYSTEM * COMPANYS MOTIVATIONAL ELEMENTSWe know that a growing gap between the aspiration of the employees and the practices of companies is source of additional costs and loss of performance. That is why, to DANONE, the motivation of the employees is an imperative condition of the companys growth. The group DANONE often insists on the need of permanent growth to preserve its leaders place on the market. This growth requires consistently an outstanding performance, which supposes that the company can lean on committed employees. Consequently, DANONE insure on a regular basis that the 3 main conditions for optimum employees commitment are fulfilled The company is in sync with its culture and its values He is proud to belong to a leading group He is certain that his employer assumes the development of his skills. To strengthen the motivation of the employees and their commitment, the group DANONE tries to establish, on a regular basis, a correlation between the practices of management and the growth of the units. To do it, regular questionnaires are submitted to the managers and DANONE, from time to time, widen these survey to its thousands employees. More concretely the group DANONE insists more in particular on the autonomy and the sharing between employees We rely on the autonomy of management of our subsidiaries and what we call the networking attitude. It means that, when an employee meets a problem, he has to have the reflex not to turn around towards his boss, but rather to exchange with his counterpart, wherever he turns out to be in the world, to find the solution. We forged a series of tools to share the knowledge and exchange good practises for the specialists of every domain (finances, human resources, industry, marketers). (Franck Mougins interview, 2006, available at www. lexpress. fr) ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES EFFICIENCY Since 2002 DANONEs HR, supported by Frank Riboud, has developed several tools to increase efficiency of the organization, based on the fact that they are too small compared with their competitors Nestle or PepsiCo to create the wheel. So they have started knowledge marketplaces and sharing networksto help employees connect with each other and share good practices horizontally rather than relying on hierarchic lines of communication. In 10 years DANONE employees shared almost 1000 good practices with colleagues.The Networking Attitude had made practical information accessible to about 70% of the more than 9,000 DANONE manager s around the world. Best of all these programs, which are conducted within the timeframe of more formal meetings, incurred very little cost and were considered highly successful by 90 % of general managers, according to an internal survey. The HR top management worked also on co-building events where employees from different units within DANONE networked with the goal of creating new practices or products rather than sharing exist ones. http//www. duperrin. com/2008/04/21/comment-danone-fait-de-sa-culture-un-levier-de-performance/) These programs didnt fit in so easily. They required lots of energy and preparation from HR and took time to be accepted in some part of the world where discussing serious business issue with lower rank colleagues or wearing costumes- as it was recommended during marketplace events- was contrary to local culture. Despite these first reluctances it does work and the most obvious result is that DANONE start launching new products 3 times faster than its co mpetitors. Franck MOUGIN Benedikt BENENAT/avril 2005/ Danone se raconte des histoires, une version latine du knowledge management/http//www. ecole. org) - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Frank Riboud, CEO Danone said At Danone we dont talk about strategy, we react to the context around us. For me, its like a Lego box that you buy for your children. They start to play, trying to find a way to build the image on the Lego box. At the end of the day, they give up, throw out the box, and put the pieces away. The next weekend you put all the Lego pieces on the floor and then the strategy starts.They try to imagine something. Not what was on the box, but what they have in their heads. That is strategy at Danone for me Its Lego. (Harvard business school, 2008) Since he took over in 1996, he did three very smart things. First, he directed to companys focus towards health and nutrition. Second, he turned a Western European company into an international organization with operations worldwide. And third, he changed how the organization was managed. He created the expression jeu de jambe, or footwork, which perfectly describes Danones approach to dealing with many issues in a flexible way.With its focus on nutrition and promoting health through four product divisions, Danone appeared to have a clear strategy for the new century. As CEO, Ribouds larger vision extended beyond ordinary customer segments to include promoting health to people throughout the world. In 2011 he acknowledges his fathers, Antoine, vision when he said in 1972 in front of a number of CEO of the biggest French companies Conduisons nos entreprises autant avec le coeur quavec la tete et noublions pas que si les ressources denergie de la Terre ont des limites, celles de lhomme sont infinies sil se sent motive. permits manage our companies as much with our heart as with our brain and lets not forget that if earth resources are limited, the mans one are infinite if he feels motivated. We believe that Anto ine and Frank Riboud leadership and vision and their unique management way have leaded the Group to its success. - BIBLIOGRAPHY Books David Buchanan and Andrzej Huczynski (2004) Organizational Behaviour. (5th Ed. ) FT Prentice Hall. D. Buchanan A. Huczynski (2010) Organizational Behaviour. 7th Ed. ) FT Prentice Hall. Bauer and Erdogan (2009) Organizational Behaviour. FT Paperback. Internet sources (International and French sources) Tatum, M. (2010). What is SWOT Analysis? Available at http//www. wisegeek. com/what-is-swot-analysis. htm (Accessed 10 November 2011) DANONE (2011). Our company. Available at http//www. danone. com/en/company/introduction. html (Accessed 10 November 2011) Groupe DANONE (2011). Historical background. Available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Groupe_Danone (Accessed 10 November 2011) LEcole de Paris du management (2005) Danone se raconte des histoires, une version latine du Knowledge management Franck Mougin interview. Available at http//ecole. or g/seminaires/FS1/SEM190/VA010405. pdf/view (Accessed 12 November 2011) LEXPRESS. fr (2006). Donner du sens au travail. Available at http//www. lexpress. fr/emploi-carriere/laquo-donner-du-sens-au-travail-raquo_479442. html (Accessed 15 November 2011) LEFIGARO. fr Economie (2011). Danone sessaie au bar a yaourt. Available at http//www. lefigaro. r/societes/2011/07/14/04015-20110714ARTFIG00454-danone-s-essaie-a-la-restauration-rapide. php (Accessed 13 November 2011) Le Journal du Net (2010). DANONE. Available at http//www. journaldunet. com/danone/ (Accessed 13 November 2011) Web & Luxe digital luxury magazine (2010). Myevian. com la personalisation est aussi chez Evian. Available at http//www. webandluxe. com/08/2010/myevian-com-la-personnalisation-est-aussi-chez-evian/ (Accessed 13 November 2011) Bloc-Notes de Bertrand Duperrin (2008). Comment DANONE fait de sa culture un levier de performance.Available at http//www. duperrin. com/2008/04/21/comment-danone-fait-de-sa-culture- un-levier-de-performance/ (Accessed 14 November 2011) - APPENDICES Picture 1 The first yogurt Danone with a porcelain package sold in chemists in 1928 (Available at http//tourisme. bienpublic. com/90-ans-de-Danone-les-8-yaourts-qui. html) Picture 2 The first Danone bar opened in august 2011 in a shopping mall near Paris. (Available at http//www. lefigaro. fr/societes/2011/07/14/04015-20110714ARTFIG00454-danone-s