Effects of Diet in Diabetes Management Research Paper

Effects of Diet in Diabetes Management - enquiry Paper ExampleIncreased weight among diabetics facilitates development of diabetes complications. Nevertheless, some curb proposed that other provenderings such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and the vegetarian diet ar effective diets for the management of diabetes. Contrary to this notion, the ADEA diet has proven to be a highly effective diet given that it allows for the inclusion of other diets including the vegetarian diet without limiting the intake of some nutrients, as it is the case in some of the other diets.The effective ascendancy of diabetes is determined by an array of factors, most of which are under the sustain of the diabetic individual. Such control includes what they eat, how much of it they eat, how often they monitor their argument sugar levels, their levels of physical activities, and consistency and accuracy of medication dosing. To have an effective control over the blood sugar le vels and glycated hemoglobin, a clear understanding of how to maintain a proper balance between physical activity, food intake, and medication has to be established. Various diabetes diets have been suggested, including the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the Vegetarian diet, towards management of the disease and related complications. This paper compares these three diets in terms of their effectiveness in the management of diabetes.Diabetics are required to manage an effective interplay of factors related to levels of glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, and blood pressure in the body to minimize the development of complications related to the problem. Diet and physical activity are the key factors that should be controlled towards management of diabetes (Nowlin, Hammer, & Melkus, 2012, p. 2). The American Diabetes Association developed nutritional guidelines through dietary recommendations that

Should juvenile be tried as adults Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Should upstart be tried as braggys - Case Study Example later Jory and Jeremy left Scorchers the four men followed them to their car, where they attacked and robbed them. The scene turned violent when the men archeological site both Jory and Jeremy at point blank range. The suspects fled in a stolen car. Jeremy was shot in the head and shoulder and later passed away. Jory, shot in the back of the head, remained in critical condition at Metro Hospital, with bullet fragments lodged in his body. Seventeen-year-old Rafael force turned himself in the next day, and the police soon arrested the other three suspects in connection with the shooting. Rafael mogul was the youngest of all the suspects in the case, but had a long criminal archives from the time he was twelve-year-old boy. Rafael is this instant awaiting trial for his role in this violent incident. The question has been raised whether Rafael should be tried as an boastful or be given the considerations afforded a new-fang led. When making the decision as to the appropriate court to provide teenagers that are under eighteen, we should consider a certain set of standards before trying them as an adult. nonpareil of the first considerations that are examined in the case of a adolescent, potentially tried as an adult, is the type and luridness of the abuse. Cases that are exceptionally violent or result in a death are practically the ones most likely to be sent to adult court. Children as young as 12 old age old have been tried as adults in some states, and nineteen states allow capital punishment for 16- and 17-year-olds, and more(prenominal) than 70 juvenile murderers are on death row (Grace). According to Hernandez, If a juvenile commits one of 30 felony offenses spelled out in the law, ranging from murder to witness intimidation, the law allows prosecutors to send the case to adult court (3). This is an indication that the public is willing to lower the age requirement when a capital crime or serious offense is involved. According to Steinberg, Most reasonable people agree that a clarified number of offenders should be kept out of the juvenile system because they pose a genuine brat to the safety of other juveniles, because the severity of their offense merits a relatively more severe punishment, or because their history of repeated offending bodes poorly for their ultimate rehabilitation (1). The severity of the crime brings in several aspects and considerations. As Steinberg points out, housing a criminal that is capable of heinous violence is beyond the capability of the juvenile holding system. They are minimum-security facilities that are not designed for maximum security situations. There can be no reasonable expectation that the public will spend the millions of dollars required to overhaul the juvenile jails and make them more secure. It is more likely that they will continue to transfer these cases to adult court, where they can be housed without being a thre at to the juvenile population.While the current crime and its magnitude is a prime consideration, the juvenile criminals preliminary record needs to also be examined. If there is a long history of criminal drill that includes violence, then this could be a candidate for a transfer to an adult court. The philosophy behind the juvenile court system was to provide an environment where a youthful offender could be rehabilitated and reenter society as they grew into adulthood. State laws call for juveniles to be released at the age of 18 or 21 years old, and the juvenile records are sealed. In this way, the offender is given a

Tesco's Recommendations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tescos Recommendations - Essay ExampleHowever, it was with the oncoming of the 1990s that Tesco began its international amplification and began to channel extensive resources towards innovation in its marketing strategy to reach consumers (Clark, 2008). This paper shall attempt to withdraw light on Tescos current standing in the consumer market and the effectiveness of its current marketing strategies in order to develop a set of recommendations for Tesco to sustain and improve its market share and profitability.It is also jussive mood to realize that Tesco has chosen to exercise extensive product emergence and market development by adding products and function that are non-food but provide consumers with high levels of utility. This strategy is one that has proven to be extremely upright for Tesco over time (Chaffey, 2008). While this innovation on the part of Tesco may make it difficult to soundly place Tesco as a grocery retailer, the fact remains that Tescos fundamental sal es items remain those that resuscitate to groceries.The approach is one that is found by Tesco in the concept of the investment in growth. Growth, according to Tescos strategy, is the development of availability and accessibility for consumers to Tesco (Corporate control UK, 2004). An example can be found in the fact that Tesco to a greater extent than often chooses to make use of an opportunity to open an Express Store rather than letting it go by.With regard to the effectiveness of the current marketing and strategic outlook of Tesco, it can be observed that Tesco is before long recognized as a reliable and acknowledged brand amongst European consumers and is in a check off that can be considered stable enough to bring forth an expansion plan into the market (Corporate Watch UK, 2004). It would be appropriate for Tesco to move forth from market penetration approaches to product development strategies (Marivic Butod, 2009). Needless to say, the interrogative mood of the

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Final constitution - Essay Examplehites, hence the birth of the well known quote from integrity of his prominent speeches I have a dream that my four children get out adept day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the discipline of their character.The relation mingled with religion and racism has been an ongoing research for a long time amongst the humans top religious scholars. In general, my research depicts that there is a positive relation between these two contradicting topics. The verbotencomes of my study put forward that both the regularity of church turnout and belief salience is no longer considerably connected to racism.(b). Ingenuousness at first thought turned out not to be related to racism. However after some deep deliberations, in which important dry land variables such as age and education were factored in, it suggested otherwise.World religions tend to declare worldwide brotherly go to sleep yet history is belea guered with moments in which religion has provided a good reason for all kinds of mayhem order towards people of dissimilar race or culture. A good example of this is the holocaust. From this evidences, a significant keep down of historians and theology scholars argue that religion should obstinately be measured as a channel for racism.When one tries to make a synopsis of these frequent attempts, a very uneven analysis is obtained. There could be two main explanations for this. One is that there is no compromise on how to quantify religion in order to achieve consequential outcomes. Another one is that there exists two main guidelines in which one can look for a clarification of the observed relation one can decide to lease religious factors or turn to non-religious factors .The course in which you choose to look for a clarification will affect the conclusions that are drawn up.I will start by giving a apprise outline of applicable literature. This allows me to stridently differ entiate the outcomes of two different studies that I

New Physics and Chemistry Discovered at the CERN's Large Hadron Research Paper

New Physics and chemistry Discovered at the CERNs Large Hadron Collider - Research Paper ExampleIf this occurs, it will produce a visible known as quark-gluon plasma, which probably made up the universe in the time following the elephantine Bang. Physicists argon interested in this material because the expansion and cooling of the material would likely show how the particles that subsist today arose out of the conditions following the Big Bang (CERN - LHC Experiments ALICE) 2. ATLAS A Toroidal LHC Apparatus, records measurements for the results of particle collisions. It tracks what particles be created and destroyed in a given collision, and the path of travel and zero for those particles (CERN - LHC Experiments ATLAS). They are twain considered general-purpose detectors. The experiments being performed using them focus on the search for the Higgs boson and the substance known as glooming matter (CERN - LHC Experiments ATLAS CERN - LHC Experiments CMS). ... 3. CMS Compact M uon Solenoid, has the same research goals as ATLAS, but it has different technical specifications to achieve those goals, especially with regard to the design of the magnet system within the equipment (CERN - LHC Experiments CMS). The CMS has been designed to detect the front line of missing energy, which could indicate the presence of stable but weakly-interacting particles, such as energetic neutrinos. This missing energy occurs when the particle moves in the same direction as the beam pipe and so cannot be detected the use of the CMS helps to cover this gap and provide a more complete picture of the collision face (Pi et al. 2011) 4. LHCb Large Hadron Collider beauty is expected to help us understand why the universe appears to be compose almost entirely of matter, but no antimatter. It specializes in investigating the slight differences between matter and antimatter by studying a type of particle called the beauty quark, or b quark. (CERN - The LHC Experiments LHCb) 5. TOTE M TOTal Elastic and diffractive cross section measuring device is included in the experimental set-up to study the physics of the elementary particles that is always hidden to the general-purpose experiments carried in such an accelerator. It is of immense importance to measure the size of the proton and also calculate accurately the LHCs luminosity, so that the results may be utilized for calibration of the whole set-up (CERN - LHC Experiments TOTEM) 6. LHCfLarge Hadron Collider forward tries to simulate Cosmic Rays, which are the naturally occurring charged particles in Earths upper atmosphere, colliding with our atmosphere and resulting in stream of

Demographic transition model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Demographic transformation good example - Essay ExampleThis paper focuses on demographic transition model and global food production and distribution for a growing human population to digest global food security goals.According to Wilson (2007, p. 33), the demographic transition model Is a generalized model that describes how birth stations and last consecrates of human populations change over time. Starr, Evers and Starr (2014) conversely posits that demographic factors fluctuate such that developed nations are exemplified by low birth rates, low numbers of infant deaths, as well as a high life expectancy. These demographic factors are inverse in developing countries. In this regard, the demographic transition model, as spelt out by Wilson (2007), was developed by demographers from surveillance and scrutiny of researched and tested variations of birth and death rates of a number of countries over a span of two hundred years.As underscored by Wilson (2007), demographic transit ion model consist of tetrad academic degrees. The initial leg is referred to as high stationary stage and is characterized by elevated birth and death rates. At this stage, Wilson (2007) asserts that the population is generally low. High death rate at this stage is as a result of ill health, food shortage or deprivation, and warfare. Wilson (2007) further notes that birth rate at this initial stage is fairly even and therefore an increase or decrease of population is delineate by varying death rate. The second stage as outlined by Wilson (2007) is referred to as early expanding stage. This stage is characterized by an increase in population as a result of receding death rate coupled by a fairly elevated birth rate. The receding death rate in the second stage is contributed by improved food security and improved public health. Late expanding stage is the third step of the model. As elucidated by Wilson (2007), this phase is characterized by an even and low death rate together with a decreased birth

Human resource dimensions and environmental management Research Paper

Human resource dimensions and environmental circumspection - Research Paper ExampleOne part which has broadened the scope of human resources dimensions in business is the unification of corporate social responsibility of businesses towards community, stakeholders, environment, economy and both the internal and external surroundings. Keeping the ethical lieu of businesses in mind, human resources now assume greater responsibilities as to foster an environment of trust, ethics, beliefs, norms and values which embolden employees and people involved to go for business practices which are favorable towards the conservation of environment and communities of practice (Jerry 1997). motif area In achieving the corporate social responsibility objectives, major thrust is placed upon the talent, skills, competencies and abilities of human resources. This is because CSR is a triple bottom line (Economic, social and environmental) and employment control over CSR initiatives need cooperation , employee involvement, professionalism and alignment amongst the values of organization and employees (Preuss, Haunschild & Matten 2009). Organizational growth has been broad associated with corporate culture and a value brass of an organization whereby aspirations and commitments of employees are integrated and attached with that of organizations sustainability and environmental obligations, both local and spheric (Chung et al. 2008). Functions of human resources management like recruitment, training and development (Campbell 1990), compensation, employee engagement, retention, promotion, appraisal and others define the way and roadmap of how an organization intends to watch with its CSR initiatives. The nexus of CSR and HRM dimensions has gained immense popularity and strategic attention in business world because HRM is considered to be the driving potency behind proper CSR initiatives planning and implementation (Inyang, Awa & Enuoh 2011). This forms the basis of this rese arch whereby connections and linkages between CSR and HRM will be analyze in detail and insights developed as to how HRM could serve as the framework for applying CSR principles in an organization (Melynyte & Ruzevicius 2008) (Figure 1 below). Figure 1 Research question The research in particular attempts to identify the role of HRM dimensions in CSR initiatives of an organization. Organizations are generally associated with perpetual existence. However, this research will specifically try to analyze the bonding between CSR, sustainability and HRM dimensions in case of major sports and cultural events like Commonwealth Games and Olympics. This is chosen because in the case of organizations, long term planning is involved and concerns and CSR issues can be taken care of appropriately. However, in the planning and address of such colossal events, temporary completion and success often leads to ignorance of CSR objectives and management authorities generally motley from their ethical stance and become the target of much criticism (Jackson and Selivler 1990). As such, the research seeks to address the pursuance questions 1. What HRM practices are generally adopted while planning from events such as Olympics, World Cups and Commonwealth games? 2. How the element of sustainability is incorporated and implemented in planning and delivering such events? 3. What is the role of human resource dimensions in exercising full control over the CSR initiatives of management authorities of these events? 4. How improvements or alterations in human resource di

Website Review and Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Website Review and Summary - Essay simulationThe Rockingham website is to represent a local website on substance ab phthisis.All the websites address the challenges the nation as a whole faces as a whole due. The websites have been developed to control the addiction. doses have been developed to use medications to cure the various illnesses that the human race faces. The drugs, however, targetful be abused. People can take drugs for reasons, which they atomic number 18 not meant. Taking the drugs over a long period leads to addiction. The focus is not on the gist of drugs, or the number of drugs is taken. The negative consequences that come as a result of the drug addiction argon the main idea of focus. Drugs can be taken in small amounts and not very frequently, alone lead to problems. It is considered as drug abuse.According to Edelfield & Moosa (2012) drug abuse can start as a result of an illness, wanting to find relaxation or wanting to fit in since their friends are doin g it. Drug abuse does not automatically start to cause problems after they are taken. It is a process that takes snip (Doughty, 2012). The individual has overdependence on the drugs. They cannot function with proscribed taking the drugs. The drugs then cause problems in the health or brotherly relations.Some of the disadvantages cited in the websites include the following. There have been a significant number of teenagers that have dropped out of school as a result of drug addiction. The teenagers get introduced and eventually hooked to taking the drugs. Drugs can also cause depression. There are drugs that are meant to relax the mind and prevent anxiety. However, over-reliance on the drugs can lead to depression (Roleff, 2005). Drugs are chemical substances. They introduce certain synthetic chemicals in the body with the conduct of controlling something in particular. When the chemicals get introduced into the body in large amounts they can alter the body median(prenominal) fun ctions. This may eventually lead to serious health complications

Comparison of Paradise lost and Inferno Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comparison of Paradise at sea and Inferno - Essay ExampleBoth the writings portray morning star as an angel of immortal who turned astray and denounced the superiority of perfection. The devil assumed that he was equal in status of God and yearned to be greater than him. For this insolence, he was banished to have stone as his eternal abode. Miltons description of Satan is quite interesting. According to Milton, Hell was Satans land where he ruled over the sinners. He had chosen to stay in the hell because according to him it was better to rule in hell than to fare in heaven. (Peter) In Inferno, Dante has portrayed devil as a ferocious being, whose sight instills fright in the hearts of the beholders. Satan has been given the opposite of what he has yearned, he desired for supremacy and sovereignty and even though he appears to be powerful and huge, he is small and helpless and his fate has been plastered to remain frozen in ice till eternity. Hell in Dantes view was an wit hout end torment to the sinners who were destined to enter it. The hell is a place where there is no connection with the intensity of life and bitter frost and isolation is the lone(prenominal) destiny. Even the Satan, the most foreboding prisoner of the hell had the bitterest fate. Milton presents a similar picture of the hell. According to him, even though hell was full of flames and fire, there was only darkness and hopelessness prevalent in its atmosphere. (Alighieri) Inferno and Paradise lost provide captivating and lucubrate yet different views of Satan and hell and this difference is clearly evident in their writings.

International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business Essay - 1

International Legal and Ethical Issues in Business - Essay specimenLikewise, workers are also protected against discrimination (based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age), harassment, unhealthy/ hazardous working surrounds, and un second-rate dismissal. With these reclaims, come also the responsibilities of the employee. Aside from arriving at work on time and dressing fittingly (which includes wearing suitable safety equipment if required), employees are also expected to show respect to the employer, colleagues and customers, take care of the companys property, follow reasonable and lawful orders, obey safety rules and non discriminate or harass other(a) people in the employment. If these obligations are not met by employees, then their employer also has the right to dismiss their employment (Steingold, 2009). On the other hand, the working hours in the US are considerably shorter than in the UK and the rest of the member nation-states of the E uropean Union. It has been noted that the European Working Time Directive sets the maximum continuance of working week to 48 hours, and a minimum rest period of eleven hours each day. Although the indemnity applies to all members, in the UK it is still possible to exceed this limit standd that it is the employee who opts for such a condition (Cressey & Jones, 1995). In France, a recent legislation limits the working week to only 35 hours (but options are still visible(prenominal) for those who want to exceed). While in the US, the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 allowed for 44-hour work week, which was later reduced to a 40-hour standard in 1950. Despite this law, majority of the American workforce still work more than 40 hours in a week due to the lines of work they have (Mishel, Bernstein, & Boushe, 2003). Challenges in Filing a orb Complaint If Mary decides to file a formal complaint against her employer on the basis of her somehow insignificant situation in the company, t hen she will face the hardships of proving her case successfully. The burden of proof is upon her and she needs to provide evidence to back her claims. Although Mary is relived by the fact that the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 guarantees fair treatment towards employees and that violation against this charter is punishable by law, she is still required to substantiate that she is treated in an unfair manner by the management and by her colleague for that matter. Furthermore, Mary needs to prove that the workplace has become a hostile environs for her. In legal terms, a hostile work environment is primarily one of the reasons an employee cannot reasonably perform his or her duties and responsibilities. This is due to certain behaviors by management or co-workers that are considered hostile. Nevertheless, the said term is still subject to much debate and substantiation (Cihon & Castagnera, 2008). A knob being rude, one who yells and purposefully annoys is a qualified ground for a hostile work environment -- cause for severe physical stress and mental anguish on the part of the employee. Certainly, acts of lasciviousness and other forms of sexual harassment are always deemed constituents of a hostile environment. Yet, for Marys case these did not occur. She was not discriminated and she was in no way attempted to be

International Marketing Feasibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

International Marketing Feasibility - Essay ExampleThe governments encouragement of unconnected investment would fast tract legal actions that may enhance the speed of operation. However, the countrys perilous political system may affect the implementation process. Not so much problem with to whom should comport the program since there is a remarkable number of urban elite who can afford for much(prenominal) academic service. However, it is a good marketing proposition to tie up with Thailands government when it comes to educating its mint since it is clear that the government has to start maximizing its subsidy on education. Not only that, Thailand would be a good venue and strategic place for the neighboring and developing countries to access the service of ANOVA command concern considering that the cost of leaving is definitely not that high.The friendship is ANOVA Education Centre. It is situated just in Singapore since it has not expanded to anywhere else yet. All from its website ANOVA Education Centre (2009), the social club has promoted itself as the one that provides preparatory courses for foreign students who have interest to study in Singapore. Among of its many objectives, the important is to give students preparation for entrance examinations to Singapores local schools.The company was able to promise of courses that be in line with the recent syllabus of Ministry of Education. The company also ensures that its students will have a tributary environment as well as competent and highly-trained teachers as they receive their trainings. To give much more focus to every student, each teacher has 10 to 15 students. With all of these, the ANOVA Education Center is simply trying to provide opportunity for each individual willing to enter in the world-wide language where the medium of speech is English.A message from the principal of ANOVA Education Center, David Sum, simply states the companys commitment to provide their students a high st andard of service.

Non Specific topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Non Specific topics - Essay ExampleThen in exclusively the exports in the domestic argona atomic number 18 added.It is a fact that in accompany capables to spending or savings is equal to investments. This, however, does not imply that at all times there is enough spending such that all of the economies resources are fully employed. Even in fulltime employment, where employment is the investment spending there is still to a greater extent room for extra investments in the economy.In an injections-leakage model, on one side there are injections. These injections give include non-consumption expenditures on an aggregate production. Investment, expenditures, exports, and government purchases are the three injections. They are known as injections since they are inputted/ injected to the circular flow of production, consumption, and income (Bade, & Michael, 2002). The other half of the model is the leakages. They are non-consumption uses coming from income production generates. The leakages are imports, savings, and taxes. They are taken out of the circular flow hence the term leakages. Equilibrium in this model impart be dependent on the balance existing between injections towards the core of the circular flow and leakages. If they are equal, the core circular flows volume will not change. When this two are equal, remainder exists.In the measuring of national income, there is a need to understand some limitations that will come with it. National income explanation will not stripe the social welfare but the domestic stinting performance. However, there is need for there to be a strong relationship between the two. National income measure will understate transactions in social welfare- non market. In national income measures, there is no accounting of changes in the quality of product and increase in variables like work satisfaction (McEachern, 2012). It has also been suggested that per capita income is a superior measure of standards of living compared to the total national incomeIn

Marketing Mix for U.S.A car market Chery Cars China Essay - 2

Marketing Mix for U.S.A railway car market Chery Cars China - Essay ExampleThe abstract also recommended that Chery cars will have to adopt for a geocentric strategy as well as adaptive selling mix while launching its brands in the US market.Chery has become seventh largest producer of automobiles in China (Chery, 2014b). The corporation owned by the Chinese g everywherenment and product portfolio includes passenger cars, minivans and SUVs (Chery, 2014a). The besotteds headquarter is in Anhui and is partnered with Qoros, since 2007.The automobile sector in the States is dominated by established fomite producers such as Ford, General Motors and Chrysler. Tough road conditions as well as high frequency of long travel among US customers have increased the demand for SUVs, MUVs and other large space vehicles. The USA car market sales were estimated at 15.6 million vehicles in 2013, a 7.6 percent growth over last year (Reuters, 2014). A pie-chart below will show the market share of t op car brands in USA.Marketing mix can be described as tactics or actions utilize by a firm for promoting its product or brand in the market (Economic Times, 2014). The car manufacturer will have to opt for effective marketing mix strategies.A standarized marketing mix involves exploitation similar branding and marketing approaches and selling similar products worldwide. However, adapted marleting mix is adjustments of marketing and selling strategies in different target markets with the objective of larger ROI and market sharee (Williams and Cutis, 2012). While the compnay has been following a majorly standarized approach in its home market as well as develoiped nations, Chery cars will be opting for both standarized and adapted marketing mix for USA market.The passenger cars are sold under the brand name Chery Marque and mercenary vehicles are sold under the brand name Karry. At present, the company is not planning on changing the core product. Thus, a global localization strat egy will be followed with the

Information and Energy Control Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Information and Energy Control Systems - Essay ExampleThe essay endeavors to shine up the important aspects and components of the Computer net operative .The main aim behind this essay is to investigate how the information is transferred through the musical arrangement and what process the system to advance further. In this regard, the whole system components that collectively take part in this procedure would be discussed.Majority of the argumentes run today, operate computers such that the computer department in the business organization is usually termed as the Data Processing Department. Data Processing generally means working upon raw facts and permuteing them into useful information.When this data processing is accomplished through electronic Equipment, it is known as Electronic Data Processing .Basically, it comprises of three steps Input, Process and output. Input devices include keyboard, mouse etc which enables the user to recruit the data to get processed into the com puter. From Input devices, the data is transferred into process stage and after under spillage the process, the final result is released, which we generally called in computer term as, the output.The computer has its own language and apprehensiveness for the instructions. It works as it is directed by the user with its own language .Computer reads Binary digit codes which atomic number 18 either 0 or 1 i.e. either false or true. Bit is the smallest non-addressable unit of terminal which a computer recognizes. Bit is an abbreviation of Binary digit.Once the data is entered by Input devices these devices convert the information into a series of electric signals. Each signal is merely a presence or absence of voltage or current. The data is worked upon in the processing zone. Incase of Information transfer, the computer is attached to devices like modem. The Modem stands for Modulator and Demodulator. It converts computer output for transmitting along communication lines such as t elephone lines. The

Earthquake in Chile on economic growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Earthquake in Chile on economic emersion - search ExampleMyriad tidal waves, following the earthquake, struck many other villages and towns and victimized fisherman and upraise workersas well as campers and backpackers (Chile 2010). In comparison to the governmental response to the earthquake in Haiti a few months back, the Chilean government was better able, albeit imperfectly, to respond to the disaster and garter the people. In response to widespread looting in the days that followed, the government of Michelle Bachelet dispatched the army to keep the peace. The task of rebuilding the country ordain be immense. The earthquake caused $15-30 billion in malign, or up to 20% of Chiles gross domestic product (Chile 2010), an amount that may still climb once a more accurate picture of the damage emerges. Affected sectors of the economy include both the timber industries and viticulture. With approximately $11 billion held in a sovereign fund, the government at least has some reso urces to draw on in order to help rebuild the country.Developed by Roy F. Harrod and Evsey Domar during and after the Second World War, the Harrod-Domar model seeks to explain economic harvest-time as not being linear but rather as being chaotic. It asserts that even maturement is neither a reliable event nor a naturally determined one. Popular in the 1940s and 1950s it has probably influenced the historiography of the reasons for the Great Depression ending and the economic expansion of the 1950s. The war brought the economic growth that ended the Great Depression. Furthermore, it is commonly held that when the troops came home they had a large amount of unspent savings. When they started to pass these savings, the economy took off. Thus the Harrod-Domar model would hold that a high level of savings, or available capital, is an locomotive engine of growth. Investment forces capital to build up thus spurring economic expansion. In developing economies, equivalent Chile for exam ple, a great amount of available labor can help increase make without causing

Comment on the poetic devices Essay Example for Free

Comment on the poetic devices EssayI am going to study two poems based on struggle. The first poem is Belfast Confetti by Ciarn Carson and the second poem is Slough written by John Betjeman.Belfast ConfettiFrom what I understand, Carson comes from an Irish minimize and possibly used to be a local reporter. His attitude to conflict is that he feels war and conflict is confusing, so by associating with something he understands he can relate to, for example journalism, he uses punctuation to formulate the confusion in the riot. Belfast Confetti is a poem, which is from when Carson was a journalist in Belfast. It is a bleak figure of speech of modern society and its roughly when he became stuck in the middle of a riot It describes how Carson runs stack alleys to scat but is always trapped. He comp bes the riot, an unkn bear experience, to journalism a familiar experience. This is done by metaphorically describing the explosions, gunfire, and thrown missiles, linking them to pu nctuation and he describes it and his feelings to the reader.Carson likewise experiences an explosion while in the riot and is unfortunately profoundly affected by the explosion-he loses his adept of identity because of what happens and he feels confused and disorientated.The poet doesnt actually mention whether he thinks the battery is right or wrong, which is refreshing in a time when everyone has an stamp about the freedom of Ireland from England. However, the cognomen is confusing, making the reader think that this is going to be about celebrations, but it in fact, turns out to be about a bomb.The first stanza describes the riot as Carson remembers the events, and the sheer violence comes tumbling out.As shortly as the poem begins, the reader is hit in an urgent, dynamic fashion.Suddenly, as the riot started. This creates a sense of panic and causes the reader to explore the possibilities about why the riot squad has been involved in action. It also sets the tone for the rest of the poem.In the second line, we intoxicate an exhaustive rush of words, which is describing about a political machine exploding. The poet finds it impossible to shape the sentence together. This may possibly be because he is distressed on recalling the event.Nuts, bolts, nails, car-keys.We see some use of onomatopoeia in the poem between fire and stuttering.This hyphenated line, a burst of rapid fireI was essay to complete a sentence inmy head, but it kept stuttering. The letters t and f are onomatopoeic. Here, he (the poet) shows confusion and difficulty in expressing himself.The use of punctuation words means that there is a running theme through out the poem.raining exclamation marksan asterisk on the maphyphenated linepunctuatedwith stops and colonsa salvo of examination marks.A meaning that could be taken from this is that sentences are one of a few things that dissent us from animals. The fact that he was trying to complete a sentence in his head speaks volumes abo ut his state of mind at the time.Also, the actual use of punctuation in the poem slows the poem down so that the reader can reflect on what has happened but the full stops also comprise gunfire and a dead terminate to for-fill his achievement -unable to escape anywhere.Every move is punctuated. Crimea Street. Dead end againIn the second stanza, in the second last line, the poet inserts an empty line. He has done this to underline his disorientation and confusion from the bomb/explosion.It is also rather odd that the poet has used question marks in the poem, as a good poem shouldnt need to have unanswered questions at the end. These specific question marks are used for effect and also mean that he doesnt have to formulate an opinion about whats happening, an opinion that could upset those around him. They also allow the reader to make up their own opinion.My name? Where am I coming from? Where am I going?By saying Saracen, Kremlin-2 mesh. Makrolon face-shields. Walkie-talkies, he gives the reader an inhuman picture of the army by depicting it as a collection of array equipment, intimidating in its coldness. The actual sound of the line too with the predominant consonant k and severely fragmented lines contribute to this effect.Also, I think that when Carson says Balaclava, Raglan, Inkerman, Odessa Street- why cant I escape? he is shy of an area that he knows because of everything that is happening. This maybe because the memories of the incident haunt the writer as he struggles to explain the events. He is also, maybe unintentionally, dropping names as freely as confetti.

Eth125 Diversity Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Eth125 Diversity Worksheet searchAnswer each question in 50 to 150 words. Provide citations for all the sources you use. 1. What is diversity? wherefore is diversity valued? Diversity is having variety. Diversity is valued because there atomic number 18 all sorts of ethnic groupings, races, home income ranges, etc. Diversity bathroom be classified as basically what runs our countries economy in a way if you just esteem close to it. All these races and ethnic groups with a various range of incomes and the much money made, the more money spent, which in return boosts our economy. 2.What is ethnocentrism? In what ways tramp ethnocentrism be foul to a society? Ethnocentrism is the belief in the superiority of the nation or group to which someone belongs. It can be detrimental to society because there are groups and people out there that dont believe that the nation is superior and that everyone just needs to live their own lives not caring about anyone else. Some people h ave a negative attitude towards superiority in the nation and its government as a result of what our government does and what it doesnt do in addition.Like people think the government is trying to take everyones homes away from them as a result of the government raising billet taxes which is just plain stupid because there are so many low income families that cant afford property taxes as it is and theres going to end up being a lot of bank owned homes all over the U. S. if they keep raising taxes and what not. Thats the perspective I have on it. 3. Define emigration and immigration.Emigration is when someone intentionally moves from their home country to permanently settle in other. Immigration is when someone or a group of people move into another country or region to which they are not native in order to settle there. 4. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified? Ways groups are identified are race, ethnicity, holiness and gender. 5. Why do people label and gr oup other people? People label and group other people in order to give them a distinct identity in the society.Labeling can be both positive and negative to the individual that is being labeled. 6. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain. Culture is the behaviors and beliefs that are characteristic of a particular social, ethnic, or age group. No, culture is not limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds as its a multi-layered property of our societies and people from other cultures are also influenced by the many groups of people that make up the country.

Obama and the Presidency Essay Example for Free

Obama and the Presidency EssayIt has been said that every presidential option is historical, and for on the whole intents and purposes that is correct. But that particular statement could non take aim been more apt than now, with the alternative of Barack Obama to the presidentship. The past presidential election is crucial to our demesne, primarily because these are extraordinary times. Along with economic deferral which has seen more and more loss of homes and jobs in that location are likewise problems left by the preceding presidential term that cannot be ignored. These factors are the root of Barack Obamas win, and have made him the best candidate for the post.Polls conducted previous to the November 4 elections have seen Americans in the working class leaning towards Obamas camp, and for good reason. Coupled with a clear, plausible, and practical plan which addresses the recession is the fact that Obama is someone that the average American can relate to. Weve all heard of his life story, his background we are aware of the obstacles he has and could have faced. There is a emotion of kinship that arises when we hear him talk of his childhood in Hawaii and Indonesia, of being raised single-handedly by his mother.As such, the average American will likely see him as not besides a Harvard-educated politician, but someone who understands the plight of the less fortunate. He is seen as someone who can respond to the countrys problems skillfully and more importantly, aptly. Obama will be taking the helm of a problem-riddled government, and this is not bonnie pertaining to the economy. The furnish administration will be leaving him with the huge responsibility of restoring not only the moving-picture show of this country but more importantly, restoring peace and strengthening foreign relations with the war waged by Bush in the background.These are not easy tasks, surely but the future seems bright for the newly-elected President. Already, foreig n countries have expressed satisfaction over his election, with some even going as far as express that his victory has been foreseen long before the beginning of the elections. Such a positive feedback is refreshing, and we can expect that with Obama at the forefront, our ties with other countries will be stronger and for some, renewed.With regard to the war, it is a good thing that at last, our brothers who are place their lives on the line will be coming home. The war the previous administration has waged has yield nought but negative results, and it is ab forbidden time that the troops be pulled out before more argument is shed for a futile undertaking. Scores ago an Afro-American president would have been unthinkable and until now, there are in time traces of discrimination in this country that boasts of freedom as its most valued treasure.Obamas historical ascent to the White House is a landmark of transport and hope change, in that he has broken the African-American ste reotypical images that are still very much prevalent in familiarity hope, in that with his election, the remaining buds of racial discrimination will be nipped. On a grander scale, Obamas presidency does not only signal the beginning of change (or change we can believe in) it IS a symbol of change. This symbolism could not have come at a better time, not only for the American bulk but perhaps, for the world.On a smaller scale, Obamas election is monumental for members of the nonage who came to this country with dreams of leading better lives and for African-Americans, both of which are still fighting for equality in this country. It may be argued that the United States has come a long way from its report of slavery, and that racial discrimination is not as prevalent now as it was before. But it can likewise be argued that inequality is still there. With Obamas election, the invisible barrier that has prevented these people from dreaming big and living their dreams has been sh attered.How? With the mere act of electing him into office, the African-American stereotype was lifted African-Americans can now dream of leading the most powerful country in the world a vision that has remained unimaginable until now. And for other members of the minority immigrants from Asia, and other countries the election of Obama is more than welcome, what with his plans of rewriting immigration laws to see past race and country, and to look more into the abilities of those who seek refuge and chase dreams in the United States of America.As for the rest of the world, Obamas presidency is also a hallmark of change. As said, his election to office has been welcomed by other countries, and has been met with celebration in all corners of the globe, not only for the American people but for countries that look to the President of the United States for leadership. There has not been much to look up to in the previous administration a fruitless war was waged, and bigger problems like the recession and climate change remained unanswered, or if answered, well, they were addressed unsatisfactorily.With Obama, it might be a different story. It has been reported that even hard-to-please academician analysts have hailed his election, and have provided positive feedbacks with regard to his ability to lead the nation and the rest of the world. He is not a superhero, of course, but if he follows through with his campaign promises, at least one or twain of the bigger problems we and the rest of the world are experiencing can be solved. And that is good enough. In his speech in Chicago, Obama told more than 200,000 people gathered in Grant Park in celebrationIf there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alert in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer. Indeed, with Obamas election to the office of the president of the United States, history was made. More importantly, when he formally takes office on the 20th of January, he will make history. He has, after all, been dubbed as the extraordinary man for extraordinary times.

The Road Home Essay Example for Free

The thoroughfare Home EssayThe lane Home catches the senses of the audience through spectacle and thrill as the inspiring love affair in the juvenile past is reminisced with profound exaltation of the Chinese tradition and the exotic settings and style of presentation. The movie conveys the importance of experiences in the village life and the dedicated teachers in such communities. Lu Yusheng, an urbanized young man, narrates the love recital of his parents as he returns to his native village in northern China where his parents started as couple for much than 40 years (Arnold, 2001). Events like funerals or sickness are the best time to remind us about the past, especially about the dead persons life, not because we want to feel sorry about misfortunes or failed accomplishments but rather to highlight the important memories that have happened so we can learn and be animate as we continue our journey on earth. It is worthy noting about how Luo Changyu, a village schoolteach er, Zhao Di, having a dewy-eyed personality with supreme and heroic passion, crossed paths.It was unusual for an illiterate Chinese girl to dream of undercover work the attention of an educated man and win his heart because Chinese tradition is basically conservative and embodies the tactual sensation that women remains feminine in nature. Stalking a man is unacceptable in the society, especially in remote villages but Zhao Di was able to pursue her romantic motive despite the circumstances brought by governmental and social pressures during their time. The movie shows the very nature of love that it bares and endures all things. It has no preference and it is able to accredit even the inconceivable once true love is mutually felt. Changyu and Di romance may sound unexceptional but it conveys that cultural changes happen and we should preserve the best values for our present and future endeavors.ReferenceArnold, G. (2001).Road Leads to Romance. The Washington Times (June 8, 20 01), 6.

Preparing and Writing Essay Example for Free

Preparing and Writing EssayA basic primaeval to producing good proves is to start early and expire steadily over an extended period. Build in cartridge clip for distractions and problems (e.g. illness or disk failure), and allow for deadline bunching. Plan to complete well before the deadline to allow yourself approximately leeway. As a rough guide, you might allow three weeks for doing on a move undertake. The deadline is intended to alleviate you with time management make sure you adhere to it. Reflect on the feedback obtained on your previous moves. What strengths and weaknesses were identified? Think about how best to overcome the weaknesses.For shell, if your essays have been criticised for limited knowledge of the writings or lack of depth, this may indicate that you need to devote more than preparation time and adjoin or change the breadth and depth of your reading if criticised for poor structure or limited relevance, you be likely to benefit from spendi ng more time on cargonful jutning and editing/reorganising the terminal limn. Using course essays to work on your weaknesses can help you produce a better essay as well as help to improve your general writing skills.Look morehow to spell out a process paperDo some preliminary reading to help you choose an essay topic. The reading lists for the essays provide guidance on sources of preliminary reading. principally it is pulmonary tuberculosisful to choose reading that is comparatively recent, this is likely to include a summary of earlier work, some of which you may explore in more detail later. It can also be helpful at an early stage to make mathematical function of EconLit and the Library catalogue to check on the availability and nature of supplementary reading on a topic.As should be obvious, you should try to choose a topic that you find kindle. This will help go you to work on the essay and is also likely to make the end product more interesting for the indorser/mark er. Note that interest tends to increase as you work on a topic, providing you dont leave it all to the last minute.Once you have chosen a topic (or even to help you choose from a short-list of topics), use your initial reading to produce a draft schema plan of your essay. The general advice on what makes a good essay, set out below, should help you to produce an effective plan. A basic plan would typically divide the essay/dissertation into a series of logically staged sections. This skeleton structure can then be filled out by fitting ideas, applicable references, work and selective information required, into the planned sections ( do use of references from preliminary reading, EconLit etc.)Taking time to construct an effective annotated outline plan should help you to Produce a well-structured and coherent essay. Organise the subsequent work on your essay/dissertation and plan your report card time more effectively. Read actively and more effectively making you think abou t how further reading fits into your plan and, possibly, adapting your plan in response to new information or ideas. Although the ingredients of a good essay can vary between courses and topics, the following broad guidelines are generally applicable.Structure Ensure that your essay/dissertation has a clear logical structure. Use the origination to motivate the topic, set it in perspective and outline the structure of the body of your essay to help the reader follow the argument. Use the conclusions to deplumate together the argument, provide an overall assessment and, possibly, indicate areas that might be developed further if space allowed.General content The primary focus should be on analytic thinking, not description or presentation of information. Make it clear that you have a good understanding of the pertinent basic literature. But keep down devoting too much space to repeating cadence textbook material. Generally you can make clear that you understand the basics in the context of presenting a more pass on or deeper analysis. Be innovative think of an interesting and different angle on the topic draw on ideas from other courses (including non-economics courses) or general reading go beyond the standard literature by making good use of EconLit or other reference sources be prepared to challenge standard approaches. This is likely to make the essay more interesting for you and the reader/marker. Remember it is your essay, it should reflect your informed apprehension and judgements on the topic, not simply reiterate or paraphrase the views of others.Analysis and models The appropriate mode of analysis can vary between courses and topics. In the vast majority of cases economics essays will involve the use of an explicit model or models. Formal models help to provide a clear logical structure, which is a major reason for their use in economics. When presenting a model, you need to make clear that you understand the model.This involves more th an simply copying a set of equations from an article or book. To signal your understanding you might for sample provide an intuitive explanation of the overall model or key steps in work the model work out some steps in a models radical explicitly, when (as is often the case) this is not done explicitly in the original source develop and work by dint of a variation of the model not developed explicitly in the reading compare and demarcation line the model with other related models assess the assumptions used and the limitations they pose apply the model judiciously to a particular situation.Presentation and style Grammar and spelling matter. Leave plenty of time for editing the final draft to improve grammar. Use a spellchecker, but remember that spell checkers do not pull off up all mistakes. Incorrect spelling of names and jargon can be particularly irritating. Be precise and concise. Conciseness allows you to include more within the word limit. Think about how to present information or information effectively. Tables or figures can be useful presentational tools. References should be presented accurately and consistently. fulfil the lists of preliminary readings for a suggested standard style.Citations and plagiarism Quotations should be used judiciously, if at all, to support or illustrate an argument. The source of any quotation should be clearly stated, including the page reference. Data sources should be clearly cited. When summarising or describing someones work the source or sources should be clearly stated. The University of Edinburghs undergrad perspicacity Regulations state Plagiarism is the act of copying or including in ones own work, without fit citation, intentionally or unintentionally, the work of another. It is academically fraudulent and an offence against University discipline. (http//www.docs.sasg.ed.ac.uk/AcademicServices/Regulations/UG_AssessmentRegulations.PDF, para. 14.2) The University of Edinburghs Guidance on the evasion of Plagiarism for Undergraduate and Taught Postgraduate Students states Plagiarism is the act of including in ones own work the work of another person, without adequate acknowledgement of having done so, either deliberately or unintentionally. (http//www.docs.sasg.ed.ac.uk/AcademicServices/Discipline/StudentGuidanceUGPGT.pdf ) The Undergraduate Assessment Regulations add The innocent misuse or citation of material without formal and proper acknowledgement can constitute plagiarism, even when there is no deliberate intent to cheat. Work may be plagiarised if it consists of close paraphrasing or unacknowledged summary of a source, as well as verbatim transcription. Any failure adequately to acknowledge or properly reference other sources in submitted work could lead to lower marks and to disciplinary action being taken. (http//www.docs.sasg.ed.ac.uk/AcademicServices/Regulations/UG_AssessmentRegulations.PDF , para. 14.2) The three preceding bullet points avoid plagiarism, by properly acknowledging sources (but would not, on their own, constitute a good essay or dissertation).Most study skills books contain further advice on essay writing. The Main Library Reading Room has an extensive assemblage of study skills books, which contain advice on essay writing. Several books are devoted specifically to writing skills, for example

Internet Banking Essay Example for Free

net Banking EssayTherefore, since U. K. consumers have used to browsing and shopping online, there atomic number 18 factors that U. K. nomadic carriers should pay attention. The factors are to find and collaborate with mobile commerce providers so that they can boost the M-Commerce traffic and thus, revenue. The potential of conducting mobile commerce in the U. K. also bases on the facts that the country has many mobile subscribers. According to International telecommunication Union (2006), U. K. has 61 million of mobile customers as of January 2006. If 20% of the customers (15 million users) are active subscribers of M-commerce with add up spending $100 per month.Therefore, the market for mobile commerce in the UK is $18 billion per year. The condition foreground that mobile commerce is attractive service that mobile service providers like Vodafone must develop by collaborating with merchants and content providers (cp) that build the mobile commerce applications. The deve loping of m-commerce is also backed up by the juvenile development on 3G (third generation) mobile technology that gives opportunity for subscribers to have faster access to browse mesh via mobile phones and conduct m-commerce transaction.British Telecom, for example, estimates that in 2002 they have about 150,000 customers of broadband services that is potential to be the active users of mobile commerce (Verdin, 2002) Recent progress and invention in mobile and radio set technologies has caused the change paradigm shift from desktop computers to mobile devices. Recently, it is usual to find consumers using their Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), irreverent phones, and notebooks that strengthen the facts that business has gone mobile so that the consumers can do all things over wireless gadgets the same with doing by desktop computer (Intel, 2004).The improvement in mobile devices capability also attracts customers to debauch spick-and-span phones and new customers segment that also target teenagers. This condition becomes issues for telecommunication companies and content providers to develop new killing applications besides voice communication that will increase the corporate revenue. The new application is information communication that comes in many forms. Concerning data communications, this paper has discussed several issues/challenges and opportunities in UK mobile telephone industry.To be specific, the point of discussion is about the development of mobile commerce (M-Commerce) that takes advantages of increasing number of mobile users and the development of computer technology.ReferencesAmerican National Bank. (2001). Internet Banking Features Benefits. Retrieved December 13, 2007 from http//www. americannationalbank. com/i_features. cfm Arthur D. Little Int. Gmbh. (2001). Key Success Factors for M-Commerce. Presentation for Berlecon question

Emotional Intelligence Essay Example for Free

Emotional Intelligence Essay on that point are discordant ways in which the government posterior punish the criminal offenders or the civil offenders. This includes, fines, imprisonment, or bodily punishment. In punishing the offenders, the society aims at revenging, correcting the wrong doers, and acting as deterrence for others to commit homogeneous offence. The current preferred mode of punishment is aimed at correcting the offender rather than punishing themDue to the changing situations, many societies have changed the mode of traditional punishment that were enforce on offenders and opted for better humane terms, for instance, compensation. There are various kinds of compensation that can be imposed on an offender. These are, fines, restitution, and community service. Fines have been imposed in the United States and the Canadian courts as provided in the statutes (Encarta Library). The fines are widely confined because many criminals do non have the money for the fines.Furthermore, fines imposed on criminals would not deter them from committing other criminal activities as they know that they can just pay fines and be let free. In restitution, the court leave high society the offender to compensate the offended for the crime that was committed against them. The damage might have been in wee of psychological damage, physical or monetary. For the judge to pass restitution, the offended must initiate the process, for instance through and through providing such things as medical bills or any other forms of prove for the restitution to be passed.This reprove is important because it is considered to restore the offended back to the original position before the offence. Community service on the other hand is when an offender is sentenced to performed some duty in the society. The state can then use some of the funds saved due to community service to compensate the victims. This method is important in that it helps the administrative to save the amounts that would be used in prosecution, and gives the offender time to reform rather than universe punished.Emotional news programAccording to the initial definition given by Salovery and Mayer in 1989/90, emotional intelligence is the force to monitor ones own feelings and emotions, the ability to monitor the feelings and emotions of others, and to use this information to templet future thinking and action, (Stone, Parker and Wood, 2004). To sleep together with emotional uncertainties, an individual relies on the competency of emotional intelligence. To cope with environmental uncertainties, an individual relies on the competency of emotional intelligence.The components of emotional intelligence are Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, Motivation and Empathy cordial Skills. Emotional Intelligence in an organization. The current manager of the team is a nice, welcoming and harming person. He has been equal to(p) to give room for the team members to air their different views a nd allow for each persons views to be accommodated. This kind of democracy has given members of the team room to participate in all organisational matters. mavin of the weaknesses with the manager is that he is not able to build a strong teamwork spirit.This has been contributed with the fact that he has not put in place principles that can enable people to put aside their in the flesh(predicate) refer and concentrate on teamwork spirit. This has allowed many people to mix their personal matters with organizational matters. To be able to impute my team members to act as one team, the five principles of emotional intelligence are very important. root of all by self-awareness I will be able to know exactly my strength and weakness. I will have to try as much as possible to use my strength to carry through teamwork and control my weaknesses, it means having full self-regulation.Different situations leads to different mood, but as a team leader, personal moods should not prevail over the team sprit. Most of the goals of the team will yet be achieved only if as a leader am motivated by building a strong organizational team and put aside such things as endeavor for money and prestige status. This will routine an important role in motivating other employees to follow the example. It is also important put my self in other employees position so as to understand their emotions and help them to grow in the organization.This can all be achieved if as a leader in treat all the employees every bit and develop a good communication with them. A team leader needs to have the ability to sway everyones emotions. If peoples emotions are pushed towards the range of enthusiasm, performance can soar, if people are driven toward rancor and anxiety, they will be thrown off stride, (Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee, 2004, pg5). this implies that the effect of a leadership role will go beyond only having a job well done. Therefore to apply the principles of emotional intelligence t o achieve the organizational goals are important.For instance, the development of collective goals and objectives is important in an organization. This will enable all team members to put aside their personal endeavors to achieve organizational goals. Leaders can also be encouraged to instill in others an appreciation of the importance of work activities generating and maintaining enthusiasm, confidence, optimism, cooperation and trustencouraging flexibility in decision making and change and establishing and maintaining a meaningful identity of the organization (Eintel Organization, N. d).

Euthanasia Essay Example for Free

mercy killing testifyWhat is euthanasia? The simplest definition of euthanasia is just a painless death (Euthanasia). The word is some comm lonesome(prenominal) employ with when speaking about an animal that is harm, Oh what happened to your dog? He was unbearably ill so we had him euthanized. However, euthanasia does non always drill to animals it atomic number 50 be apply in regard to any(prenominal) organism, including sympathetic cosmoss. When humans put d let animals there is never the question of why we should do it. The animal is nigh likely suffering and has very little to live for, and the end to euthanize an animal is a more than easier termination to make by virtue of it not being a human. But what if it were a human invigoration? What if a fully autonomous individual wished for a painless release from their suffering? Would you let them do it? Would you intervene? How can you say whether or not that their decision is right when you score never ex perience what they are? However, the oerall arching question to euthanizing humans is, should it be legal? When ether was first used on October 16th, 1846 doctors of that judgment of conviction began to use the pain killer to relieve unhurrieds suffering at the ends of their lives (Accidental Inventions).It took only 24 twelvemonths before a man named Samuel Williams proposed using the anesthesia to intentionally end an individuals life. Williamss suggestion sparked an argument that would last till the current day. However, a very heated role of the weigh on euthanasia took draw a bead on in the thirty-five years following Williamss assertion. The debate reached its peak in 1906 when a bill was pushed in Ohio to legalize euthanasia (the bill was defeated) (Emanuel). afterwards 1906 oppose for euthanasia waxed and waned depending on the economic and political steadyts of the time (i. . support was high during the great picture but then took a major(ip) blow when it was dis covered to be used in intentness camps) (http//euthanasia. procon. org/view. resource. php? resourceID=000130). However, the history of euthanasia dates back much farther than just its debate in America. In fact, the military issue of euthanasia dates back to the Roman Empire where physicians often preformed mercy killings for longanimouss (the doctors that did this were similarly doing it in violation of their Hippocratic Oath).After the Roman Empire the practice of euthanasia declined as the now dominant religion of Christianity oppose it. The following several hundred years saw a mostly one sided argument on euthanasia, until Samuel Williams began pushing for it in 1870. The following 130 years would see the most turmoil the debate on euthanasia had ever experienced, most of the argument taking place in America. Societies supporting euthanasia were formed, bills were proposed, economic climate changed lots view of it, war changed their view again, petitions were do, and ar guments over patients rights were had.After nearly 1900 years of nothing but opposition support for euthanasia picked up and fought back. The debate climaxed during the 1990s with Dr. Jack Kevorkian starting to euthanize terminally ill patients who requested it of him. Dr. Kevorkians first assisted suicide took place on June 4th, 1990 and it wasnt his last. Over the next eight years Dr. Kevorkian performed many euthanasia procedures the last being in November 1998 where Kevorkian evidenceed the euthanization of a man on national T. V. , resulting in his arrest and his conviction the following year (Dowbiggin).Now, thirteen years after his conviction, Kevorkian is still a well known name, but whenever his name is used it is generally in a negative context. But should a man who helped so many mickle have his name sullied in such a manner? With Kevorkians arrest and conviction the major debate on euthanasia began to die down, leaving thirty-four states with laws that explicitly make euthanasia illegal, golf club states with euthanasia governed by common law, five states have unclear laws regarding it, and only two states with legal euthanasia (Oregon and Washington) (Assisted suicide Laws State by State).But should those be the only two states who allow their citizens the right to a graceful death? Should only 1/25 of the United States be given an option that should be available to all of the sphere? The lack of a legal euthanasia processes in forty-eight of the liter states is an infringement upon United States citizens rights as human beings. In addition to completely fulfilling citizens civil rights a legal practice of euthanasia would save many multitude (including the government) money, and performing a euthanization would not even conflict with a doctors Hippocratic Oath as some people claim.The United States Constitution was create verbally with the goal to set up a strong government that guaranteed the individual rights of her citizens. It state s that citizens are granted certain(a) unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. (The Declaration of Independence). Should euthanasia not fall to a lower place the right to copy happiness? When an individual is terminally ill their quality of life generally declines as they come to the nd of their life. A pubic louse patient who has struggled for years and is now losing their valiant battle will unfortunately not come to a graceful end. As the crabby person cell begin to multiply and push over its victims can experience uncontrollable vomiting and voiding of the bowels, relentless pain, excessive bleeding from the smallest of cuts, drowning in their own bodily fluids, or dying from another horrific disease that slipped by the suppressed immune body (Orac).These are all possible deaths that one could experience from cancer, and not one of them is appealing, nor are these deaths limited to cancer alone there are many other types of ai lments that can result in just as unpleasant deaths. If a patient is suffering from one of those diseases their last old age alive will most likely be some of their most unpleasant. The unfortunate truth is that people suffering in such manners will most likely have little to no happiness left in their lives.There is only one path that can lead to some measure of happiness for those clashing such an unpleasant demise and that path is a graceful death. So if being released from ones suffering brings happiness shouldnt it be protected by the U. S. Constitution? In addition to the preamble of the Constitution supporting euthanasia there are two amendments in it that to a fault support euthanasia. The eighth Amendment states that there will be no cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. (The United States Constitution).That amendment was established in request to prevent any torturing of prisoners however, torture is defined as extreme anguish of the body or straits agony and is th at not the same denying someone euthanasia and letting them suffer for the remainder of their days (Torture)? The Ninth Amendment can also be considered as a safeguard for the rights of the terminally ill as it protect rights of any people not specifically mentioned in the Constitution (The United States Constitution), this can include the rights of the terminally ill to die.In order to protect the Constitutionality of euthanasia a federal law would have to be established that creates a legal euthanasia process. Such a law would be near modeled after the laws in Oregon which sets out a specific outline for who can apply for euthanasia. This outline states that the individual must make three requests to die (two verbal and one written), be terminally ill with no more than six months to live, certified by two doctors that it is a serious request, check over to make sure that they arent mentally incompetent or epressed, informed of possible alternatives, and finally made to wait fif teen days to think it over (Euthanasia Oregons Euthanasia Law). When a patient has finally gone through all of that the doctor then prescribes a unwholesome panelling of barbiturates which the patient is allowed to pick up at their leisure and have the freedom of deciding whether or not to take it (A New Fight to Legalize Euthanasia). Such a law would limit any abuse as there is presently little to no abuse in Oregon already (Top 10 Pros and Cons). level with a small amount of abuse the population of Netherland continues to support their euthanasia laws (Zurich Rejects ban on Suicide Tourism). However, even with strong Constitutional support and the experience of both a state and a country there is currently no push for a euthanization law in Congress, even though studies show that over 80% of adult American citizens support euthanasia (A New Fight to Legalize Euthanasia). Euthanasia is not only beneficial in the sense that it should be a civil liberty, but also it is economical ly beneficial.As cold and callous as that may sound euthanasia is a much cheaper, and much more pleasant, alternative to other treatments. The drugs required to euthanize an individual cost between $35 and $45 (Mathews) whereas the first six months of treatment for cancer range from $2,568 to $24,204 depending on the cancer type and severity (Costs of cancer Treatments). The cost for someone with leukemia is even greater, nonrecreational up to $150,000 for the first round of chemotherapy (Benzene and Leukemia).Those arent one time costs either, cancer treatments and treatments for other terminal illnesses can last for months or years and can thrust up hospital bills in the range of hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars. The real question though is who has to foot the bill? Well, for lambert million Americans who dont have health insurance the answer is themselves, meaning theyre paying out of pocket thousands of dollars that they probably dont have (Christie).There are al so the people who are on Medicare or Medicaid who are now costing the government massive amounts of money for a treatment that may not work and could easily bring about more pain and suffering for a patient and their family. So if there is a family who cant afford the treatments for a sex act, and that relative has decided that there is no more they want to do with their life and that they are at sleep and dont want to spend months or years suffering horrendously, then that relative can choose an option that costs a mere $35 and saves hemselves from suffering and their family for descending into un-escapable debt (or pushing the government further into debt).Some of the opposition of euthanasia springs from the belief that euthanasia would break a doctors Hippocratic Oath as the general idea behind the Hippocratic Oath is the preservation of life. It is current that a mutant of the Hippocratic Oath says I will neither give a deadly drug to anybody if asked for it, nor will I mak e a suggestion to this effect (Top 10 Pros and Cons). Another version of the oath has a similar statement, avoiding the twin traps of overtreatment and therapeutic nihilism. That same version of the Hippocratic Oath also reminds the doctor to remember the effects a treatment could have on a patients relatives (Tyson). While the Hippocratic Oath may say it that a doctor should avoid over-treating a patient it also says that I will apply, for the benefit of the sick, all measures that are required (Tyson). Well if the only benefit left to a dying patient is to do so with poise and dignity should euthanasia not be required (only if first requested by the patient of course)?Also, since the oath asks that a doctor keep in mind the effects on a patients relatives, shouldnt a doctor be allowed to euthanize a willing patient to prevent the emotional scarring of watching a loved one die tardily and painfully? As for the preservation of life in the Hippocratic Oath one must ask, at what poin t is the life really worth living? When a patient reaches a certain dot of agony preserving their life would do more harm than good (Top 10 Pros and Cons). Though technically the Hippocratic Oath would actually be a non-issue, and there are two reasons for this.The first reason is that under the laws in Oregon (that a federal law would be modeled after) a doctor would not technically end the patients life they would merely prescribe a lethal dose of barbiturates which the patient then takes (A New Fight to Legalize Euthanasia). The second reason is that since there are currently multiple versions of the Hippocratic Oath shows that it is an active and malleable document and subject to change at any point. Euthanasia is a touchy topic with many excellent points on both sides of the argument.Some people take issue with it for religious reasons and others condemn it for its use in Nazi death camps (Arendt, 53). But the only question that should be asked about legalization of euthanasia is, can you make that decision for everyone else? Should you make that decision for anyone when you havent experienced what they have? Unless everyone goes through the horrendous events that some of the terminally ill go through each day, there is no reason to not give them the freedom of a choice.

The Shifts in the World Economy Essay Example for Free

The Shifts in the World Economy Essay interview 1 Describe the shifts in the world economy over the last 30 years. What are the implications of these shifts for internationalistic businesses based in Great Britain? North America? Hong Kong?AnswerThere are various aspects that beat affected the world economy over the bygone three decades. Although the question is talking about the bygone 30 years, however, since the end of World War II (WWII), global trade has grown faster than global income. Hill defines globalization as, The shift toward a more combine and interdependent world economy (2009, p. 7). onwards WWII, national economies covered by barriers to trade and investment funds. There were differences in government regulation, business systems, cultures and lack of telecommunication and information transition (including World Wide Web). yet after WWII, we have seen huge changes, such as, different cultures are coming closer together, reduced barriers to trade and inves tment and national economies are merging into an integrated and interdependent global economic system. In addition, information transition has been developed rapidly in the past years. In 1994, web based transactions was virtually zero but by 2007 the figure comes to $250 meg in the U.S. alone. On the other hand, internet usage is fewer than 1 million users in 1990 and by 2007 it was 1.3 billion users. These upgrades have made many countries firms to go globalization.Software industry from India and most importantly effect of mainland China plays a vital role in the global trade. India generates revenues of approximately $40 billion and trades $31.3 billion, where cardinal five years before the software industry started with nothing. On the other hand, we can notice that, legal age of the products we use displayed Made in China on it. Lately, China becomes a major contributor to the economy. Because of Chinas booming economy market, they are able to do things like charge the wo rlds first export tariff, a tax exacted from their own businesses that ship out certain goods such as, bamboo chopsticks to Japan which is a clean solution to the problem of limited resources. These situations have affected thousands of jobs of other countries around the world. For example, in China, workersare salaried less money for their job than any other country. China has since become a major exporter. Thus, the unify States and Western europiuman companies dominance has declined.United States and United Kingdom has always been the major players in the economy. But the recent recession affected them so bad that both countries were force to cut jobs and unemployment rate has reached the pick. The place of the U.S. dollar and British pound has in addition dropped. British companies are forced to look beyond Europe and America for investment and opportunities. Only developing countries are able to grow consumer spending power rapidly. As a result, British companies had to c aptivate Asian firms as an opportunity (and threat) for the European market. For North American firms, the process and market reforms in Latin America.It also represents new opportunities both as markets and sources of materials and production. Chinas overpower economy market also affected Hong Kongs market freedom. As a result, Hong Kong firms are also moving their labour activities to mainland China to get benefited by cheaper labour and material. In addition, Hong Kong ranked second in the global economy because of the globalization.In the early 1960s, U.S. accounted for about 40.3% of world manufacturing output. The figure falls down to 20.7% by 2007. Other developed nations experienced similar decline. Also there has been a rise in non-U.S. multinational enterprises (MNEs). Forecast predicts a steady rise in the share of world output, foreign direct investment (FDI) and MNEs by developing countries such as China, India, and Thailand and reduce share, FDI and MNEs by industri alized nations such as U.S., UK and Japan.In conclusion, firms may find both new markets and competitors in the developing countries as well as governmental and economic disruption may cause harm to the business.ReferencesHill, C. W. L. (2009). orbicular business today (6th ed.). Boston McGraw-Hill Irwin.Wilson Thorne. (2013). Globalisation, Global issues for Accounting (3rd Edition). McGraw Hill.John, G. (2005). International trade and investment. McGraw-Hill Higher EducationGlobalization and American Wages cited at 19 July 2014.Available at http//www.epi.org/content.cfm/bp196, net profitThe Development, Influence, and Regulation of Globalization. June 2009 cited at 19 July 2014. Available at http//www.unicommons.com/node/7774, Internet

The Preservation of Free

The Preservation of Freedom turn upThis paper, using work from JP Sartre and Nikolai Berdyaev, will attempt a detailed explanation of existentialism relative to the organiseula, conception before essence, the defining creed, so to speak, of the existentialist movement. With Sartre, the central idea is freedom leads to torture and pain. For Berdyaev, creativity is the counterpoison to this pain. Creativity is to Berdyaev what Marxism became to Sartre, a way out. It seems only rational to treat these both famous existentialists as favourable to each other(a). The purpose behind existentialism, in its widest meaning, is to preserve freedom in the 20th coulomb, a century saturated with totalist movements that sought to make the man person a mere cog in a larger machine capitalism, Leninism, Hitlerism and even globalism seek ends and goals international the person, in the name of abstract historical forces that the psyche person will help bring about (Flynn, 2006, 1-11ff). Existentialism is a rebellion against the 20th century for that reason. Philosophy should concern itself with the individual, non with social forces or historical destiny. 1. In the work of JP Sartre, freedom is non a destiny, but the fundamental fact of mankind. This fact cannot be denied. Ideology, theology, metaphysics and even psychology be core of denying this freedom, blaming other people, structures and social life or even history for the problems deriving from the choices that individuals make. This is the essence of Sartre freedom is a curse, but a worse curse is denying that freedom in the name of several(prenominal) other end, some end dictated by historical forces. In the 21st century, such problems have not been solved, and the self-importance is as under siege as it has always been (Flynn, 2006, 67-69). For Sartre, freedom, self-importance and consciousness ar 1 in the same object. What typifies exclusively of these three is instability. What typifies bad fai th is the desire to end this instability by attaching wizs ego to ideological objects that purport to solve the problem of human, historical founding. Instability and a inadequacy of both satisfaction and community are the two hallmarks of freedom and the human condition. It is absurd precisely in that thither is no solution. but if ego, consciousness and freedom are all one object, what does that mean for human behavior? It office that man is the choices he makes. Man is self created. save in this creation, man is richly responsible for what he has become in this struggle. There are no excuses. The specific argument from Sartre looks comparable this a. Man is absolutely free. This means that consciousness can abstract from any object in space, or any object that exists in the consciousness of the individual itself. These are also one and the same thing. b. This means that objects exist only for consciousness.It matters not if some objects exist in themselves or not (a concep t dealt with more than below), but rather only that they exist for the person in question. Objects exist, then, only to the extent they are objects of consciousness, not whether or not they exist in themselves. more over this further means that man creates himself, and that he creates the objects in consciousness. c. So if man is freedom, and objects exist only to the extent they exist for consciousness (and hence derive from the person, not from the outside world), then man not only creates himself, but also the world outside the self.What this leads to is torture. This is because, as man is responsible for what she becomes, and can make no excuses for this, there are no reliable guides, and hence, there is 100% responsibility with 0% knowledge of what is right and wrong. This is another reason life is absurd (McCulloch, 1994, 17. ) But the human person is aware that there are objects that come into consciousness, but sometimes, objects appear to be outside the egos control. In other words, that objects seem to be brute givens, objects in space that scathe the persons freedom in that they seem to control themselves.This is another form of torture, in that the ego is aware of its complete freedom, and yet is confronted with other objects (especially other egos) that seem to resist our control. But, like Hegel, this slowly begins to shoot into some inchoate idea of community, but this is far into the future. In our case, this confrontation only sincerely has two choices, neither of which is really pleasant first, love. Love is unpleasant in that it is the appropriation of the other, the absorption of the other into ones world.This is similar to Hegels slave/master dialectic that eventually leads to the consciousness of some form of primitive community. But for Sartre, while community is possible, it can only be reached by dint of pain and torture. But the second way of dealing with other egos is sadism domination, the master/slave dialectic of Hegel. In this latter option, the other ego is not seen as manifesting pure freedom, but rather being a mere object. But given the epistemology above, the object is space is what consciousness/freedom makes it, and hence, objectification or love has no moral basis, it is nevertheless two ways of dealing with facticity. Both are consistent with existentialism and the idea that freedom exists precedent to objects. This is another and more accurate way of saying existence before essence. (Sartre, 2007, 22) But the phrase existence before essence, by now, should be clear that both words of this couplet are misnomers. There is really no stable existence in that existence is pure freedom. The ego is free in a radical sense of being determined by nothing (including internal reasons), but, given this, there is no essence either.Freedom is not a thing that can be analyzed. It is a state, the state of all human existence (or at least, of mine). From this, one can conclude that there is no creation, no real external world, and hence, no god to create it (Jones, 1980, 235-236). What I am confronted by in the world are objects that seem to restrict my freedom, and I am to dominate them one way or another, either through love or though objectification. It seems that both of these are one and the same thing both are objectified, the beloved object and the objectified object.Both of these options are about objectification and absorption the beloved is taken into the world of the sports fan without regard to the beloveds ideas of the matter, and the victim of the sadist is also an object, an object through which the ego expresses its domination over all objects presented to it. Putting it more directly, man has only an adversarial and alien existence on earth. There is no intrinsic purpose to human life and what is worse, that postulating kinds of purposes are always the best examples of bad faith and expert dishonesty (Levy, 2003, 166ff).

Moral Reconciliation Essay Example for Free

Moral Reconciliation EssayFrom the beginning of the story to the end, Huckleberry Finns ethical motive change rather dramatic entirelyy and the novel focuses largely on this. Forced to reconcile his personal feelings of companionship for an escaped slave (Jim) with what participation has told him is right, Huck learns through the course of the story to trust his moral instincts. As the story progresses, we see Hucks character develop strong morals that eventually precede to his reconciliation.Early in the book, Huck is shown to have a low level of maturity and is very nave. He relies more on the opinions of others more so than his own. Huck seems to know the rightful place of a slave, especially growing up in the American South. But this changes, in time, when he meets a fugitive slave named Jim on Jackson Island. Huck knows he is defying society by not turning Jim in, moreover he continues to stay by Jims side and feels he cant betray him as their friendship grows. This i s an internal moral struggle for Huck, because he knows to society he is wrong, plainly to him their friendship make it right.While floating down the Mississippi, Huck and Jim come across a ship clank. Huck, being the young, curious son he is wants to explore it. Jim on the other hand is very reluctant to do so, but he feels obliged to follow Huck along anyways because he is a slave and Huck is white. On the wreck the two surface a gang of robbers and a tied up man, they decide to leave promptly at this site. Huck and Jim then steal the robbers boat, but Huck feels a little guilty for doing this. So he makes up a story to a ferryboat watchman that his family was on the wreck and they postulate help. The watchman showed up on the site just to discover that it sank, and the robbers most likely dead. Compassion is a key part in developing good morality and at this point Hucks morality is slowly taking shape because he feels compassion for others.During a terrible storm, Huck and Ji m atomic number 18 separated. Jim searches for Huck, but he cannot pinpoint him, so he goes to sleep. Huck eventually arrives on the raft to find Jim sleeping. Once Jim woke up Huck told him that the whole storm fiasco was just an elaborate dream he had, but Jim soon discovers he is lying and becomes upset. Seeing this, Huck felt guilty for hurting Jims feelings and apologizes. This is a pivotal point in the novel because Huck realizes that he has feelings for this slave. Once again he knows society would see this as wrong and just plain crazy. Huck is having another internal conflict, but feels that his friendship with Jim is morally right contrary to what society would think.Hucks moral dilemmas are grow in conflicting systems of morality that of his upbringing and that of his own natural feelings of friendship for Jim. I was paddling off, all in a sweat to tell on him but when he says this, it seemed to kind of take the tuck all out of me. I went along slow then, and I warnt ri ght down certain whether I was prosperous I started or whether I warnt. When I was fifty yards off, Jim says Dah you goes, de ole true Huck de ony white genlman digital audiotape ever kep his promise to ole Jim. Well, I just felt sick. But I says, I GOT to do it I cant get OUT of it. Right then along comes a skiff with two men in it with guns, and they stopped and I stopped. This a good example of Hucks moral conflictions.At the end of the novel, Huck as an epiphany. When Jim gets turned in by the conmen (the Duke and the King), Huck is devastated. Confused at what to do, Huck writes a letter that is intended for Ms. Watson, the letter reads Miss Watson, your runaway nigger Jim is down here two air mile below Pikesville, and Mr. Phelps has got him and he will give him up for the reward if you send. Huck Finn. After wrestling with his morals and consciousness, Huck makes his most important moral decision yet, when he states All right, then, Ill GO to booby hatch and tore it up. He ultimately helped Jim escape.In the end, Huck acted on the highest level of morality regardless of societys laws and ideas. Early in the story Huck displayed childish traits and a skewed morality because of how he grew up. But Huck changed entirely in his time spent with Jim. When life was forced upon Huck he had to develop and grow up rather fast. He quickly progressed from a nave boy to a mature morally correct young man. Most humans strive for the betterment of themselves and society as a whole, and this is what makes Hucks final reconciliation so compelling.

Characteristics Of High Self Esteem Persons English Language Essay

Characteristics Of High Self Esteem Persons position Language EssayThis chapter consists of dickens part. The commencement ceremony section describes the theoretical framework. This section explains topics much(prenominal) as incline report, affective factors, self-confidence theories, self-assertion and writing strategy, EFL teachers and their piece in expression students self-confidence and humansistic approach. The sec section deals with the analysis and a comparison amongst variables. This section outlines issues such as the descent surrounded by self-consciousness and writing strategy, and continues to inquire the relation between egoism and peaching in English, then the relation between self-conceit and class period in English, and the relation between self-pride and listening in English in the final turn. theory- ground FrameworkEnglish is an international diction that is used throughout the world. The number of stack who use English as a second langua ge or outside(prenominal) language is much extravagantlyer than those whose internal language is English. Thomas and Collier (2002) believed that until the coming of 2030 the percentage of students in U.S. schools will be over 40% of the b commit. Al-Sulaimani (2005) states that in most Arab countries, most people who deliberate pharmacy, medicine, computer and science use English as their primary language. Al-Harbi (2010) found that EFL learners (especially beginners) may not be able to read and spell words or have sound-letter problems in pronunciation collectable to separation, the reason for this difference is that such problems exist in the native language and target language and an different reason is the difference in writing in both(prenominal) languages.English WritingTypically, a alliance between reading and writing ar combined. Practice in writing in a cross-training plenty help language learners to enhance the capabilities in reading and writing skills and wr ite their spelling correctly (DuBois, Erickson and Jacobs, 2007). According to Krashen (1984), most teachers were convinced that education should focus on clear and fol down(p) Krashens Natural Approach which relates to childrens L1 oral acquisition.King (2003) points out that punctuation in our writing is physical and our speech trick be discriminaten as non-tangible, if we have no punctuation in written and communicate language, they be chaotic. Then, Allen and Huon (2003) argue that effective and good writing requires a sound agniseing of which is considered as a mechanic of writing. For example, the use of punctuation in phrases such as keeping the car moving, stopping, starting in the right place, pausing or at any other time is necessary. In general, Rude (2006) believes that punctuation helps people who simply read the sentences. Commas, semicolons, dashes and so on are making family between sentence patterns and phrases. On the other hand, if we use the wrong punct uation we create confusion in the text, knowing how to use punctuation in the text is an important point in writing.King (2003) states that capital garner can be considered as a form of punctuation that guide the eye and mind in the text. Typically, the capital letters use to start sentences and proper names.Affective FactorsCognitive domain, affective domain and psychological domain are very important issues in language nurture process. In this regard, dark-brown (2000) asserts that the affective domain refers to emotions and feelings. prime and his colleagues have developed a wide assortment for the three domains on the affective domain. It consists of five directs. The first level is receiving, ace soul is in contact with others and is waylayd to a serial publication of data. He can accept and respond to them or reject them. If he responds, he is entering into the second level which is responding. The terzetto level is valuing. After responding, a soul harmonise to his perceptions can be either arbitrary or veto. Level four or organization is when a individual heads the evaluates base on his beliefs and finds the alliance between values and his beliefs. The final level is realizing, which is a persons thinking and behavior into a system based on values (He, 1996).InhibitionInhibition is an aspect of affective domain that is directly linked to self-pride. peck have a defense system that protects them against internal and external criticism (Brown, 2000). Ehrman (1993) suggests that students with thick, perfectionist boundaries find language accomplishment to a greater extent difficult than those learners with thin boundaries who favor attitudes of openness and ambiguity tolerance. Inhibition is to prevent people expressing their exemption and comfort. It requires a second or foreign language cultivation series that mistakes happen and nurture from these mistakes ofttimes occurs (He, 1996 Brown, 2000). But if the learner afraid of maki ng mistakes and these mistakes affects his ego, from the inside (ones self) who is fallen and from the outside (others) who is threatened. Both are considered a barrier to inhibit. So it can be concluded that students in relaxed environments without threat have the lowest ground level of degradation (He, 1996 Brown, 2000 Andres, 2002).Risk-takingCommunicate in a second and foreign language needs some disceptation and guessing. Some students are afraid of answering any questions and respond to a question that is absolutely true. They cull to be silent all the time to keep from making mistakes or someone does not mock them. Having such a fear of making mistakes provides an opportunity to students who are unable to practice the language.According to Weiten (1989) in conversation, the students do not have enough time to go to the dictionary for finding the exact pronunciation and grammar, whereas in reading and writing, typically the student has enough time to choose the best words a nd organize sentences. People with well-informed self-pride, do not have any psychological damage with errors and electronegative feedback. On the other hand, fear of making mistakes can have a negative effect on learn and knowledge of learners. As a verbal exercise, it is necessary the information stored in long-term memory that can be prevented from language instruction. Brown (2000) claims that students who make mistakes out of ignorance in the classroom tend to be silent. It seems that self-assertion is closely related to risk-taking factors if someone has advanced global self-esteem and doing something wrong ignorance, has no fear of making mistakes.AnxietyAccording to Brown (1994) misgiving is a variable that is associated with self-esteem. In general, anxiety has a negative birth with self-esteem. Anxiety includes feelings such as worry, despair, self-doubt, apprehension and tutelage.Anxiety is divided into devil different levels spherical or trait anxietySituationa l or state anxiety (Brown, 1994).Anxiety is in many forms, such as anxiety test. Foreign language anxiety is one of the forms that are filled with anxiety items. in the midst of the years 1968 to 1980 some studies performed by Clement, Gardner, Symthe, Tarampi, Lambert and Tucker close to the relationship between different types of anxiety and second language slaying. The results of these studies indicate that there are no direct relationships between beaks of anxiety and second language anxiety. But in 1975, Chastain conducted a con and found an inverse relationship between anxiety and learners grades in Spanish. However, the same relationship was not found for learners of German and French (Gardner and Clement, 1990). motifMotivation is one of the affective factors that is important in victory and failure of students. Dornyei (2001) argues that motivation is a vague term that encompasses a wide variety of meanings. Gardner (1985) defining the role of motivation in learnedne ss L2 argues that a field that undivided deals with his attempts to learn the language because tends to this work and to be satisfactory of the experience of activities. This definition includesAttempt expended to reach the deathWillingness to learnSatisfaction of learning a language.In general, motivation in the classroom depends on the teachers abilities to deem interest in the classroom. Many factors affect the motivation as far as Danis (1993) believes these factors include use up in the subjectUnderstanding of its usefulnessGeneral desire to achieveSelf-confidence self-conceit as patience and resistance.The main determine of motivation includes four components that have been designed by Gardner and Smythe (1975). These components includeGroup-specific attitudesLearners motives for learning the target languageAffective factors (Sterns Generalized Attitudes)Extrinsic and inwrought motivation (Sterns Attitudes towards the learning accompaniment)You can see the Gardner and Sm ythes motivation manikin in the figure 1.Group-specific attitudesLearners motives for learning the target languageAffective factorsExtrinsic and intrinsic motivationFavourable versus unfavourable attitudes to the users of the target languageMotivational intensityInterest in foreign languageAnomieNeed achievementEthnocentricismAuthoritarianismmachiavellianismIntegrative motivationInstrumental motivationMotivationExtrinsic motivation provided in self-instruction (i.e. incentives, encouragments and threats)Teacher/counsellorLearning contractsRecords of workSelf-assessment/peer-assesssmentReality testingsummative assessmentFactors from self-instruction promoting intrinsic motivation (i.e. continuing willingness to put learning at a uplifted level of priority)Learners awareness of needs and goalsPerceived relevance of the course to achieving goalMaintenance of self-esteem as a person through involvment in decision makingDegree of freedom to use preferred learning strategiesMembership o f a supportive group leading to increased empathy and reduced inhibitionsTroble shooting proceduresFigure 2.1 Gardner and symthes (1975) model of motivation self-conceitSelf-esteem is a fundamental need in human life. There are some meanings for self-esteem Bandura (1997) defines self-esteem as an individuals judgement of their own value. Pervin and John (2001) believe that self-esteem is a general attitude to personality traits not any particular individual circumstances and finally, Barnden (2001) stated that self-esteem is the experience of feeling competent to deal with the problems of life and knowing the life happiness. This competency includes self-efficacy and self-respect.According to Brown (2000), self-esteem includes various dimensions which areGlobal self-esteem which means general assessment a person makes of ones selfSituational self-esteem which means a specific situation such as foreign language contextTask self-esteem that means a particular lying-in within a situ ation e.g. writing in an EFL context.In addition, self-esteem helps in all aspects of ones life. Self-esteem is essential for a healthy psychological life. This is an important aspect of affective factors because all the affective factors are related to the self-esteem (Brown, 2000).Self-esteem has two different levels, low self-esteem and high self-esteem. Roger found that children with high self-esteem compared to children with lower self-esteem are more decisive, more independent and more creative. Also people with self-esteem can soft define their observations are limber, and able to produce solutions to interpret problems (Pervin and John, 2001).According to McAdams (2006) Maslow pro make up that humans are having a series of abilities that these abilities do not available unless, the basic needs provide for the first time. By paying charge to figure 2, we can understand the importance of positive self-esteem.Figure 2.2 Maslows Hierarchy of needsLow self-esteem is like a p erson to overcome their own lives and affects on the ones life cycle. nix thoughts lead to negative attitudes, negative attitudes cause negative behavior, negative behavior may develop negative feelings and finally, all parts affected by self-esteem (Napoli, et. al., 1992). This can be fork outn as followsNegative behaviorNegative feelingsNegative attitudeFigure 2.3 Interaction Between Low Self-esteem and Negative BehaviorCharacteristics of high self-esteem personsA person with high self-esteem has special characteristics. According to Branden (1985) he/she may have some or all of the following(a) characteristicsA person is open to criticism and deals with mistakes comforting.A person can give and receive expressions of feeling, appreciation and so on spontaneously.A persons saying , doing and appearance go in harmony.A person accepts changes in different life aspects without being worried.A person is flexible in responding to situations and challenges.A person can be firm under conditions of stress.A person can speak about his development and lack of it with honesty and without being embarrassed.A person moves and speaks easily and confidentially.A person appreciates his own merits.A person does not consider himself inferior to others.Moreover, according to Napoli et al. (1992) a person who has high self-esteem has the following characteristicsThe individual is open to take the opportunity to participate in developing experiences in spite of the risk of making mistakes,He/she takes part in an activity (sports, learning a youthful skill etc.) just for the pleasure of doing it without feeling the need to prove anything,He/she takes the responsibility of his/her actions without blaming anyone or finding pretexts,He/she accepts his own and others strengths and accomplishments,He/she accepts the personal power of someone without trying to abuse or overtop them,He/she focuses on the quality rather than the quantity of life experiences (e.g. friendship),He/she enjoys team work and appreciates its value in getting a job through or improving interpersonal relations,He/she finds a balance in life (e.g. work, entertainment, solitude).Internal consistency of high self-esteem may have high (or lower) range types of psychological processes on the take. According to Schneider and Turkat (1975) possibly some of the people use a high self-esteem as a defensive measure to identify the optimal of society.Characteristics of low self-esteem personsA person with low self-esteem like a person with high self-esteem has a series of characteristics. He/she may have some or all of the following characteristicsA person feels awkward, faint conspicuous and unable to express him/ herself with confidence.A person worries about making mistakes and is always embarrassing to expose him/herself to anything new.A person is hyper sensitive and hyper alert to signs of rejection.A person deals with life in a safety-related and defensive manner.A person is depressed, unhappy and shows a greater degree of anxiety and aggression.A person does not feel satisfied with his/her life.A person is vulnerable to criticism and has greater social anxiety.A person feels inferior to others or un valuey.A person does not like leadership role or voluntary tasks.A person behaves inconsistently.A person obtains a lot of personal mistakes and sees failure as a result of deficiency in his/her abilities.A person underestimates his/her abilities (Apter, 1998 Timothy et al., 2001).On the other hand, according to Napoli et al. (1992) a person who has low self-esteem has the following characteristicsNote Deficiency in accepting inferential criticism and making use of it in ones emergence.Deficiency in taking decisions and realising creative values, need to observe firmly set rules,Deficiency in taking the risks that may give way to mistakes,Deficiency in changing, a fixation on the same food, environment, course of action etc.,Deficiency in focusing on others power ,Deficiency in focusing on ones own power,A tendency to live others accomplishments vicariously (isolating heroes), intention to attach a lot of importance to the outward appearance (like dating the most attractive person on the campus, driving the hottest car, etc.),Tendency to be compulsive about cleanliness, eating, orderliness and the like,Tendency to be as well as competitive (to be in need of winning every time and surpassing everyone in order to feel important),Tendency to be a poor loser and to see this position as an praise of their personal value,Tendency to be overly critical (finding fault),Tendency to overwork to prove themselves and to show others their worth.Theories on Self-esteemAccording to Murk (1999) in his book as Self-esteem Research, Theory and Practice, take a number of theories that are briefly defined in the followingA historical view with young relevanceWilliam James as a famous American psychologist, believes that the origin of self-esteem involves fa ctors such as history, culture, family and circumstances. These factors are forming the identity of someone. He knows a self-esteem relationship with values, success and competence in the development of level of self-esteem for example, if a person is able to manage their identity competently or the other side fails to do this. Success increases self-esteem and failure decrease it.The psychodynamic approachWhite believes that self-esteem is based on the relationship between ego and ideal ego. Here the focus is on efficacy. Self-esteem depends on someones competence and effectiveness. He believes that the relationship between self-esteem and achievement, respect is obtained. Thus, White concluded that the efficacy is taproot of self-esteem. Self-esteem is seen as an evolutionary phenomenon that subject to other processes, force development and deals with them in adulthood. Briefs, White to be exploring the relationship between competence, ego and self-esteem.The sociological approach Rosenberg can be defined self-esteem as positive and negative attitude towards a particular object in the other words ego (as cited in Murk, 1999, p. 122). Rosenberg was focused on the role of social factors on self-esteem. He combined both affective and cognitive processes in judging self-worth. He believes that the person who is evaluated should develop standards and values that including social aspects and compare him/herself with those standards. The smaller falling out is between self and those standards and the highest gap is between self-esteem and those standards. Finally, Rosenberg focused on self-worth as a typical of self-esteem.The behavioral perspectiveCoopersmith defined self-esteem as evaluation that a person had to be make in relation to himself. This reflects the attitude of approval or disapproval, and indicates the extent to which a person believes in himself (as cited in Murk, 1999, p. 124). Under this approach, there is the relationship between self-esteem an d behaviors such as anxiety and depression. Coopersmith believes that self-esteem or lack of it can be learned. In short, Coopersmith the first theorized who expressed two components which are include performance and competence as the principle component of the self-esteem.BehaviorInformational reinforcementAversive stimuliHedonic reinforcementConsumers learning historyCurrent behavior settingFigure 2.4 Adapted from summary of the behavioral perspective modelThe humanistic visionAccording to Branden (2001) ones evaluation is the most important key to ones behavior, business process, feelings, desires, values and goals affects him. He believes that the impression that person towards himself affects some responses for example, if a person believes that is stupid, it has joined to the fact. In the first instance, he would suffer vision of human after self-esteem. Murk (1999) also emphasized self-esteem is an important part of human existence that must be managed throughout to life cycl e (p. 130). In addition, Branden views self-esteem as ones having two componentsSelf-confidence (a sense of efficacy)Self-respect (a sense of competence).Moreover, Branden believes that a student may be damaging his self-esteem based on his notion for example, when the learner in the learning has some difficulties, maybe he/she thinks these problems due to his/her inability.In summary, all these theorists have paid largely to the self-esteem. James is one of the first scientists who spoke about the foundations of self-esteem. White focused on effectiveness. Rosenberg puts his focus on self-worth and finally, Coopersmith and Branden, both of them focused on self-efficacy and self-worth as an essential component of self-esteem.EFL teachers role in building students self-esteemTeachers have an integral role in building self-esteem. Teachers should make the atmosphere so that students can develop their self-esteem with this, the level of their success and confidence goes up. Finch (2001 ) believes that success less depends on the materials, techniques and linguistic analysis and more depends on what happens between people in the classroom.It is the teachers task to create a positive learning environment. They can improve students from the different ways and while students understand that their teacher is watching them out, but they have the sense of freedom and comfort. In this regard, Sano et al. mentioned that friendly relationship between teachers and learners and even learners with each other and this is our opinion that is the most important factor in language learning (as cited in Finch, 2001, p. 135). Students can do work correctly when they feel safe. This event occurs when then teachers behavior modestly, be a good listener, pay attention to his/her students and make them feel that they are efficacious and competent. Dorneyi (2001) offered teachers to create a supportive environment in the classroom in following waysEstablish a norm of tolerance.Encourage risk-taking and have mistaken accepted as a natural part of learning.Bring in and encourage humour.Encourage learners to personalize the classroom environment according to their taste (p. 31).Then, Kirstein (2001) offered more strategiesCreate a positive classroom environment.Encourage your learners.Know your learners.Encourage interactions with other learners.Structure learning to be flexible and supportive.Help your learners acknowledge success (pp. 85-89).According to Oxford (2003) a strategy is useful for teaching base on the following circumstancesThe strategy relates well to the L2 task at hand,The strategy fits the particular students learning air preferences to one degree or anotherThe student employs the strategy effectively and links it with other germane(predicate) strategies.Oxford (1990) believes that strategies which based on these circumstances are make learning easier, faster, more enjoyable, more self-directed, more effective, and more transferable to new situati on (p. 8).In short, teachers should encourage students to create positive environments not only for students with low self-esteem but also for students with high self-esteem up to maintain the level of their self-esteem.Review of literary productionsThis section includes a preview about self-esteem and various aspects of the performance of students in foreign languages. The following issues are reviewed the relationship between self-esteem and writing strategy, the relationship between self-esteem and speaking in English, the relationship between self-esteem and reading in English and the relationship between self-esteem and listening.On the relation between self-esteem and writing strategiesMany studies on global self-esteem, can be show relationship between self-esteem and writing along the following three strandsIn language learning, the role of affective variables, especially self-esteem cannot be ignored. The relationship can be positive or negative. He (1996) canvas some of the affective factors, especially the self-esteem. The results of a survey of Chinese students are reported a questionnaire that was intended for language learning was administrated to 31 Chinese immigrants in Southern California and an interview with 21 Chinese students. He found that self-esteem is one of the important factors that affect learning English as a second language.Similarly, Moritz (1996) conducted a study that self-assessment as a criterion of language skill and a tool used to measure. Factors that may affect the dominance self-assessment of foreign language of students are determined. Participants in this study were 28 college students of French at different levels. Results showed that self-assessment of foreign language impact students self-concept.Anstey (1993) achieved the same results. He studied the relationship between self-esteem and communication authorisation processes of students in French classes. In this study, the communication potential used for the de velopment of a literature review on the communicative approaches to second language learning. Results showed that students self-esteem depends on a process that is selected by the teacher. Factors, which enable the teacher and other colleagues to increase interaction and negotiation enhance students self-esteem.Battle (1981) developed a questionnaire which was called Culture-Free Self-esteem Inventory. This questionnaire consisted of 60 items that were classified into five sub-scalesGeneral self-esteem, neighborly/peer related self-esteem,Parent/home related self-esteem,Lie scale,Indicating defensiveness.A score for self-esteem are obtained by totaling the number of items, excluding the lie scale items of 10. So, the highest possible score is 50.On the other hand, Pareek et al. (1976) developed a questionnaire which was called Pre-adolescent enrollment Scale. This questionnaire consisted of 40 items that includedHome (nine items),Peers (eight items),School (eight items),Teachers (e ight items),General (seven items).A score for total enrolment are obtained by totaling of the five areas. In this case, high positive scores indicated high adjustment in the area, while negative scores indicated maladjustment.Both of these questionnaires, Culture-Free Self-esteem Inventory which developed by Battle (1981) and Pre-adolescent Adjustment Scale which developed by Pareek et al. (1976) were used to assess the self-esteem and adjustment among children.Moreover, a study was done by the National Foreign Language for students with the purpose of knowing whether their high self-efficacy of the learning strategies they used or not. Participants were in a group of students of French, Japanese and Spanish. Students grades were fourth, fifth and sixth. Two questionnaires were presented to them the submergence Language Learning Strategies Questionnaire and Immersion Self-efficacy Questionnaire. The results show that students with high self-efficacy and self-confidence were using more learning strategies these strategies were effective in language learning preference of learners to the extent that it effected on the learners self-esteem.Gordnick (1996) randomly selected 50 students of Union County College and studied the relationship between their self-esteem and writing. He used Coopersmiths self-esteem test to measure self-esteem and used their writing grades to measure the writing, then took the correlation between them. The results showed that there is no significant correlation between students self-esteem and their writing. It is worth mentioning that both Gordnicks studies and present study have been about the relationship between self-esteem and writing achievement. It also should be added, participants of this study were students of Saudi Arabia EFL secondary school who formed American students.Hassan (2001) tried to determine the relationship between self-esteem and quality and quantity of students writing. The sample formed 32 Egyptian English maj or university students. Results showed that there is a negative relationship between students self-esteem and their writing. Low concern students have high self-esteem and high concern students have low self-esteem. Low concern students wrote better than high concern students. Hassans study investigated the relationship between two variables, one of them was the relationship between fear of writing and self-esteem and the other was a relationship between themselves and writing skills, while the present study examine the relationship between self-esteem and writing strategies. Participants in the Hassans study were university students who just studied in the field of English language, however in this study, participants included university students in various fields. Hassans study measured participants writing skills while this study examined the writing strategies.Brown (2000) claimed that there is relationship between self-esteem and academic performance however, he posed a questio n that which one affected the other. Significant changed as the number of researchers (Huang, 1992 Brown, 2000 Lee, 2001) reported. For example, in Huangs (1992) study, he discussed the relationship between biliteracy and self-esteem of Mexican-American students. Participants included 1034 persons who were Mexican and Mexican-American. Students were classified into three categories biliterates, proficiency in English and proficiency in Spanish or oral bilingual. A set of 13 questions measured self-esteem. The results showed that Mexican-Americans who knew them as biliterates had higher self-esteem than those in English, Spanish or oral bilingual.Sled (1993) conducted a study on 25 patients from the University of Texas in order to provide basic writers confidence. By creating discussion and motivation in his class, he examine the students and it was causing that they can overcome their fear of making mistakes. Results showed that students confidence has increased.Koulourianos and Ma rienau (2001) conducted a study and in this study they used parent intervention strategies and teacher intervention strategies for the third and fourth grade students in the get together States to improve their confidence in writing. The results showed that the strategies have had a positive effect on the students writing.Bardine (1995) proposed the guided strategies that included the use of journals in the adult literacy class which was to improve students writing. In this method, the teacher used quotes that increased self-esteem and positive attitude. He taught students from Mia